Anti-PLA2R antibodies, which are directed against the 'M-type phospholipase A2 receptor', are a key biomarker for which one of the following conditions?
Primary membranous nephropathy
Anti-PLA2R antibodies are found in roughly 70-80% of patients with primary (idiopathic) membranous nephropathy and are used both as a diagnostic biomarker and to monitor disease activity/treatment response, distinguishing it from secondary membranous nephropathy.
Important Questions from Nephrotic Syndrome
A 40-year-old female with nephritic range proteinuria is found to have low serum complement levels. Which of the following can be the likely etiology?
1. Systemic lupus erythematosus
2. Post-infectious glomerulonephritis
3. Infective endocarditis
4. Mesangio-capillary glomerulonephritis
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- All of the following conditions are associated with Glomerulonephritis with low complement level, EXCEPT:
- Which of the following are the indications of Renal biopsy?
1. Chronic Kidney disease with normal sized kidney
2. Nephrotic syndrome in adults
3. Nephrotic syndrome in children with atypical features
Select the correct answer using the code given below: - Presence of Dysmorphic Erythrocytes in urine analysis is suggestive of:
- Of all the types of lupus nephritis, the worst outcome is seen in:
