A new approach “Learning Model” which is helpful to strengthen the decision making process was developed by :
Bob Garratt
Option 2 — Bob Garratt is correct.
Bob Garratt is a management thinker best known for his work on the ‘learning organisation’ and on how boards and managers can learn continuously to make better decisions. He advanced the Learning Model, an approach in which individuals and organisations treat decision-making as a cyclical learning process — acting, reviewing the results, drawing lessons and feeding them back to improve future decisions.
By linking decision-making to continuous learning and reflection, Garratt’s model strengthens the quality and adaptability of the decision process, especially at the director/board level.
Why the other options are wrong: Arthur Rich is associated with business/economic ethics; Christian Wolff was an 18th-century rationalist philosopher; Lord (J.M.) Keynes was an economist known for macroeconomic theory. None of them is credited with this managerial ‘Learning Model’ for decision-making.
Takeaway: Bob Garratt’s Learning Model ties better decisions to continuous organisational learning.
In the context of Prisoner's dilemma, which one of the following is correct?
In the context of distinguishing between forecasting and prediction, which one of the following statements is false ?
In the context of Prisoner’s dilemma, which one of the following is correct ?
The decision-criterion in which a decision-maker selects an alternative that maximizes \(H\) (criterion of realism) \(= [a \times (\text{maximum in column})] + [(1 - a) \times (\text{minimum in column})]\) is called
Which of the following techniques of enhancing strategic thinking is most similar to Devil’s Advocacy ?
A phenomenon in which the norm for consensus overrides that realistic appraisal of alternative course of action is:
| List - I (Concept) | List - II (Description) |
| p. Heuristics | 1. Judgements made on the basis of specific kind of information that can be brought to mind. |
| q. Representative Heuristics | 2. Tendency to use a number of value as a starting point to whom one adopts. |
| r. Availability Heuristics | 3. Simple rules for drawing inferences in a rapid and effortless manner. |
| s. Anchoring and Adjustment Heuristics | 4. Judgements made on the basis of resemblance of current stimuli to other stimuli. |