Directions : In the following items, a pair of sentences are given in which the keywords have been underlined. Identify the sentence/s in which the underlined words have been used correctly in the context and mark your choice using the code that follows:
1. You have been frivolous, whereas I have been serious.
2. The difficulties seemed insurmountable; nevertheless, the courage to carry on was undaunted.
Vocabulary Usage Analysis
This question requires analyzing the correct contextual use of specific underlined words within two given sentences. Let's break down each sentence to understand the meaning and application of the keywords.
Sentence 1: Analyzing 'Frivolous' vs. 'Serious'
The first sentence is: "You have been frivolous, whereas I have been serious."
- Frivolous: This word describes someone or something that is not serious or sensible; often implies being light-hearted, playful, or even silly.
- Serious: This word means solemn or thoughtful in mood or disposition; it's the opposite of frivolous.
- Whereas: This conjunction is used to introduce a sentence that contrasts with the previous one.
In this sentence, 'whereas' effectively highlights the contrast between the two individuals' demeanors. One is described as light-hearted or not serious ('frivolous'), while the other is described as solemn or thoughtful ('serious'). The usage of both 'frivolous' and 'serious' is appropriate and correctly conveys the intended contrast.
Sentence 2: Analyzing 'Insurmountable', 'Nevertheless', and 'Undaunted'
The second sentence is: "The difficulties seemed insurmountable; nevertheless, the courage to carry on was undaunted."
- Insurmountable: This adjective means impossible to overcome or surmount. It perfectly describes challenges that appear too great to be conquered.
- Nevertheless: This adverb means in spite of that; however. It's used here to introduce a statement that contrasts with or seems to contradict what has just been said.
- Undaunted: This adjective means not intimidated or discouraged by difficulty, danger, or disappointment.
The sentence structure uses these words logically. First, it establishes that the 'difficulties' were extremely challenging, appearing 'insurmountable'. Then, despite this overwhelming challenge, the conjunction 'nevertheless' signals a contrasting outcome: the 'courage' remained strong and did not falter ('undaunted'). This shows a correct application of all three underlined words in the context.
Conclusion on Word Usage
Based on the analysis of both sentences:
- Sentence 1 correctly uses 'frivolous' and 'serious' to show contrast.
- Sentence 2 correctly uses 'insurmountable', 'nevertheless', and 'undaunted' to describe a challenging situation and the persistent courage despite it.
Therefore, the underlined words have been used correctly in both sentences.
Identifying the Correct Option
Since both sentence 1 and sentence 2 demonstrate correct usage of the underlined vocabulary:
- Option 1 (1 only) is incorrect.
- Option 2 (2 only) is incorrect.
- Option 3 (Both 1 and 2) is correct.
- Option 4 (Neither 1 nor 2) is incorrect.
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