Write the name of the first activist who demanded complete independence (Poorna Swaraj).
Poorna Swaraj Demand by Hasrat Mohani
The question asks to identify the first activist who specifically demanded complete independence, also known as Poorna Swaraj, in the Indian independence movement.
Understanding Hasrat Mohani's Role
Hasrat Mohani is recognized as the pioneer activist who first introduced the concept and demand for Poorna Swaraj (complete independence) in the political discourse of India.
- Early Advocate: Hasrat Mohani, a prominent figure, writer, and politician, is historically credited with proposing the resolution for Poorna Swaraj at the Ahmedabad session of the Indian National Congress in December 1921.
- Meaning of Poorna Swaraj: This demand signified a call for absolute self-rule, meaning freedom from all forms of foreign control, which was a step beyond the earlier demands for 'Swaraj' (self-rule) that could have included dominion status.
- Significance: Mohani's proposal highlighted a growing radical sentiment within the independence movement, pushing for a clear objective of complete separation from British rule, even before it was officially adopted by the Congress as its main goal later on.
Context of Other Activists
While other leaders mentioned were crucial figures in the fight for Indian self-governance, their specific contributions differ in the context of the *first* demand for *Poorna Swaraj*:
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak: He famously coined the slogan "Swaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it". While advocating strongly for self-rule, his primary focus was on achieving a form of self-government within the British empire (dominion status) in the earlier phases, though he inspired the idea of complete independence.
- Bipin Chandra Pal: As part of the Lal-Bal-Pal trio, he was a proponent of Swaraj and Swadeshi. However, he is not specifically credited with being the *first* to formally demand Poorna Swaraj in the way Hasrat Mohani did.
- Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi: While a freedom fighter, he is not typically cited as the very first person to raise the demand for Poorna Swaraj in the context of the 1921 Congress session proposal.
Conclusion on the First Demand
Hasrat Mohani's proposition at the 1921 Ahmedabad Congress session marked the initial formal political demand for Poorna Swaraj, distinguishing his contribution as the 'first' in this specific context.
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