Who among the following freedom fighters wrote the poem 'Vande Mataram' in 1875?
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Understanding the Question: Vande Mataram and its Author
The question asks to identify the freedom fighter who wrote the famous poem 'Vande Mataram' in the year 1875. This poem holds significant historical importance in India's freedom struggle.
Analyzing the Options
Let's look at the options provided, all of whom were prominent figures in India's independence movement:
- Bankim Chandra Chatterjee: A renowned Bengali writer, poet, and journalist.
- Bipin Chandra Pal: A nationalist leader, writer, and orator, part of the 'Lal Bal Pal' trio.
- Rabindranath Tagore: A Nobel laureate, poet, writer, and composer, who wrote India's national anthem.
- Bhagat Singh: A revolutionary and freedom fighter.
We need to determine which of these individuals is credited with writing the poem 'Vande Mataram' and if the year 1875 is accurate.
Identifying the Author of Vande Mataram
'Vande Mataram' is a Bengali poem written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee. The poem was later included in his novel 'Anandamath', published in 1882. While it was published in the novel in 1882, it is widely accepted that Bankim Chandra Chatterjee wrote the poem itself earlier. Historical accounts suggest he wrote it in 1875.
The poem quickly gained prominence and became a powerful slogan and song during the Indian independence movement, inspiring countless freedom fighters. It evokes a sense of devotion to the motherland.
Conclusion
Based on historical information, Bankim Chandra Chatterjee wrote the poem 'Vande Mataram' around 1875, and it was later published as part of his novel 'Anandamath'. Therefore, he is the correct author among the given options.
| Freedom Fighter | Key Contribution (Related to question context) | Link to 'Vande Mataram' |
|---|---|---|
| Bankim Chandra Chatterjee | Author of 'Vande Mataram' and 'Anandamath' | Wrote the poem in 1875; included in his novel |
| Bipin Chandra Pal | Nationalist leader, orator | Promoted the use of Vande Mataram as a nationalist slogan |
| Rabindranath Tagore | Wrote India's National Anthem, Nobel Laureate | Sang 'Vande Mataram' at the 1896 Indian National Congress session |
| Bhagat Singh | Revolutionary freedom fighter | Inspired by nationalist ideas, including those propagated through songs like Vande Mataram |
Revision Table: Key Facts about Vande Mataram
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| Poem Title | Vande Mataram |
| Author | Bankim Chandra Chatterjee |
| Year Written (approx.) | 1875 |
| Novel it appeared in | Anandamath |
| Year Novel Published | 1882 |
| Significance | Inspirational nationalist poem during freedom struggle |
Additional Information on Vande Mataram and Freedom Fighters
'Vande Mataram' means "Mother, I bow to thee". It captures the spirit of reverence for the motherland as a goddess. Its adoption as a popular song and slogan during the Swadeshi movement and subsequent phases of the freedom struggle solidified its place in India's history.
While Bankim Chandra Chatterjee wrote the poem, other figures like Rabindranath Tagore played a role in popularizing it by setting it to music or performing it publicly. Leaders like Bipin Chandra Pal used it widely in their political activities. Bhagat Singh and other revolutionaries were deeply inspired by the nationalist fervor generated by such patriotic compositions.
It is important to distinguish 'Vande Mataram' from India's national anthem, 'Jana Gana Mana', which was composed by Rabindranath Tagore.
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