At which of the following jails was Khudiram Bose sent to the gallows?
Muzaffarpur
Understanding the Question: Khudiram Bose and His Execution
The question asks about the specific jail where the young revolutionary freedom fighter, Khudiram Bose, was executed.
Khudiram Bose was a prominent figure in the early 20th-century Indian independence movement against British rule. He was known for his revolutionary activities, particularly his involvement in a plot to assassinate Douglas Kingsford, the Chief Presidency Magistrate of Calcutta, who was known for his harsh sentences against Indian nationalists.
The Muzaffarpur Incident
In April 1908, Khudiram Bose, along with Prafulla Chaki, attempted to assassinate Kingsford by throwing bombs at a carriage they believed Kingsford was in, in Muzaffarpur, Bihar. However, Kingsford was not in the carriage; instead, two innocent British women, Mrs. and Miss Kennedy, were tragically killed.
Following the incident, both revolutionaries attempted to escape. Prafulla Chaki shot himself to avoid capture, while Khudiram Bose was apprehended by the police shortly after in Waini railway station (now known as Khudiram Bose Pusa Station) in Samastipur district, near Muzaffarpur.
Trial and Execution in Muzaffarpur
Khudiram Bose was put on trial for the bombing. The trial took place in Muzaffarpur. Despite a defense effort, he was found guilty and sentenced to death. He was executed by hanging at the Muzaffarpur Jail on August 11, 1908, at the young age of 18.
Therefore, the jail where Khudiram Bose was sent to the gallows was in Muzaffarpur.
Analyzing the Options
Let's look at the given options:
- Alipore: Alipore Jail in Calcutta (now Kolkata) is famous for the Alipore Bomb Case trial (also known as the Maniktala Conspiracy Case) which involved Aurobindo Ghose and other revolutionaries. While related to the same era and revolutionary activities, Khudiram Bose was not executed here.
- Muzaffarpur: As discussed, the bombing incident, the trial, and the execution of Khudiram Bose all took place in Muzaffarpur.
- Barishal: Barishal (now in Bangladesh) was a significant centre of revolutionary activities in Bengal, but it is not the location of Khudiram Bose's execution.
- Chittagong: Chittagong (now in Bangladesh) was another important centre for revolutionaries, famous for the Chittagong Armoury Raid led by Surya Sen much later in 1930. Khudiram Bose was not executed here.
Based on historical facts, Khudiram Bose's execution took place in Muzaffarpur.
Revision Table: Key Events Related to Khudiram Bose
| Event | Date | Location |
|---|---|---|
| Muzaffarpur Bombing Attempt | April 30, 1908 | Muzaffarpur, Bihar |
| Arrest of Khudiram Bose | May 1, 1908 | Waini Station (near Muzaffarpur) |
| Execution of Khudiram Bose | August 11, 1908 | Muzaffarpur Jail, Muzaffarpur |
Additional Information: Legacy of Khudiram Bose
Khudiram Bose's martyrdom had a significant impact on the Indian independence movement. His youth and sacrifice made him a symbol of revolutionary zeal and inspired many young people to join the freedom struggle. The song 'Ekbar Biday De Ma Ghure Ashi' became very popular after his execution and is often associated with his sacrifice.
His act, though tragic due to the unintended casualties, highlighted the growing resistance to British rule and the willingness of young Indians to make the ultimate sacrifice for their country's freedom.
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