Which one of the following rivers joins Ganga directly?
Son
Understanding Ganga Tributaries and Direct Confluences
The question asks us to identify which of the given rivers joins the mighty Ganga river directly, without first merging into another major tributary like the Yamuna.
Let's look at each option and its relationship with the Ganga river system:
- Chambal: The Chambal river is a significant tributary of the Yamuna river. The Chambal joins the Yamuna in Uttar Pradesh. Since the Yamuna itself is a major tributary of the Ganga, the Chambal joins Ganga indirectly through the Yamuna.
- Son: The Son river is one of the major southern tributaries of the Ganga river. It originates in the Amarkantak Plateau and flows northwards before joining the Ganga river directly near Patna in Bihar.
- Betwa: The Betwa river is also a major tributary of the Yamuna river. The Betwa river joins the Yamuna in Uttar Pradesh. Like the Chambal, the Betwa joins Ganga indirectly through the Yamuna.
- Ken: The Ken river is another important tributary of the Yamuna river. The Ken river joins the Yamuna in Uttar Pradesh. Similar to Chambal and Betwa, the Ken joins Ganga indirectly via the Yamuna.
Based on this analysis, the Son river is the only one among the given options that joins the Ganga river directly.
Comparison of Ganga Tributaries
| River | Joins Which River Directly? | Indirectly Joins Ganga Via? |
|---|---|---|
| Chambal | Yamuna | Yamuna |
| Son | Ganga | N/A (Directly joins Ganga) |
| Betwa | Yamuna | Yamuna |
| Ken | Yamuna | Yamuna |
Therefore, the river that joins the Ganga river directly is the Son river.
Revision Table: Key Ganga Tributaries
| Tributary | Origin | Direction | Confluence Point (Direct/Indirect) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yamuna | Yamunotri Glacier | Parallel to Ganga | Allahabad (Prayagraj) - Direct (Major) |
| Ghaghara | Himalayas (Nepal) | South-East | Chhapra, Bihar - Direct |
| Gandak | Nepal Himalayas | South | Hajipur, Bihar - Direct |
| Kosi | Nepal Himalayas | South | Kursela, Bihar - Direct |
| Son | Amarkantak Plateau | North | Patna, Bihar - Direct |
| Chambal | Vindhya Range | North-East (Joins Yamuna) | Indirect (via Yamuna) |
| Betwa | Vindhya Range | North-East (Joins Yamuna) | Indirect (via Yamuna) |
| Ken | Amarkantak Range | North (Joins Yamuna) | Indirect (via Yamuna) |
Additional Information: The Ganga River System
The Ganga river system is the largest river system in India. It includes the main Ganga river and its numerous tributaries. Tributaries can be broadly classified based on whether they originate from the Himalayas (like Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi) or from the Peninsular Plateau (like Chambal, Betwa, Ken, Son).
While Himalayan tributaries contribute a large volume of water and sediment, the Peninsular tributaries are also significant, especially the Son, which is a major direct southern tributary. The Yamuna is the longest and a very important tributary, joining the Ganga at the Triveni Sangam in Prayagraj (Allahabad).
Understanding which tributaries join the main river directly and which join indirectly (via other tributaries) is important for studying the river basin's hydrology and geography.
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