Which of the following policies were devised by Lord Dalhousie?
Doctrine of Lapse
The question asks which annexation policy was devised by Lord Dalhousie, the Governor-General of India from 1848 to 1856.
The correct answer is the Doctrine of Lapse, under which a princely state whose ruler died without a natural heir would 'lapse' to the British and be annexed.
Using this doctrine Dalhousie annexed states such as Satara, Jhansi, Nagpur and Sambalpur, refusing to recognise adopted heirs.
This aggressive annexation policy caused deep resentment and is regarded as one of the causes of the Revolt of 1857.
The Subsidiary Alliance was devised earlier by Lord Wellesley, not Dalhousie, and worked through treaties and stationed troops.
The Policy of Paramountcy is associated with Lord Hastings, and a policy of non-intervention does not match Dalhousie's expansionist record.
Hence the policy devised by Lord Dalhousie was the Doctrine of Lapse.
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