The question asks to identify which option is NOT a research method used in sociology. Let's examine the options:
Several methods are standard in sociological research for gathering data about society and human behavior. These include:
Prediction is often an outcome or a goal of sociological research, rather than a method itself. Sociological research aims to understand social phenomena, identify patterns, and sometimes predict future trends based on collected data and analysis. However, prediction is the result of applying research methods, not the method used to collect the data.
Therefore, Prediction is not considered a research method in sociology, unlike interviews, participant observation, and questionnaires which are established techniques for data collection and analysis.