Which of the following great ruler founded the “Haryak Vansh” in ancient Bihar ?
Bimbisara
Bimbisara founded the Haryanka dynasty of Magadha — option 1.
Who he was. Bimbisara ruled from about 544 to 492 BCE, with his capital at Rajgriha (Rajgir), and he is treated as the first ruler to make Magadha a great power. He is credited with three instruments of expansion :
| Method | Example |
|---|---|
| Matrimonial alliance | Married Kosaladevi of Kosala, who brought a village of Kashi as dowry; Chellana of Vaishali; and Khema of Madra — each marriage securing a frontier |
| Conquest | Annexed Anga, with its capital Champa, giving Magadha control of the trade route down the Ganga |
| Diplomacy | Maintained relations with Avanti and Gandhara; sent his physician Jivaka to treat King Chandapradyota of Avanti |
The dynasty after him. He was succeeded — according to tradition, imprisoned and killed — by his son Ajatashatru, who is option 3. Ajatashatru destroyed the Lichchhavi confederacy of Vaishali using the rathamusala, a chariot with a swinging mace, and the mahashilakantaka, a stone-throwing engine, and he began the fortification at Pataligrama that became Pataliputra. He was a successor, not the founder, which is what the question is testing.
Brihadratha, option 2, belongs to a much earlier and largely legendary dynasty of Magadha named in the Puranas and the Mahabharata — the line of Jarasandha — long before the Haryankas.
Why the period matters. Bimbisara and Ajatashatru were contemporaries of both the Buddha and Mahavira, and both are prominent figures in Buddhist and Jaina literature, which is why the history of this dynasty is so well recorded compared with its neighbours.
Hence, the answer is Bimbisara.
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