What happens when acid is dissolved in water?
It releases H+ ions.
By the Arrhenius definition, an acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. For example, HCl dissociates as HCl → H+ + Cl−.
These H+ ions actually combine with water to form hydronium ions (H3O+), and it is the presence of these ions that gives an acidic solution its sour taste, its ability to turn blue litmus red and its low pH. Hence dissolving an acid in water releases H+ ions.
Releasing OH− ions is the property of a base, not an acid. An acid forms a salt only when it reacts with a base (neutralisation), not merely on dissolving in water. Dissolving an acid in water actually allows it to ionise and show its acidic nature, so it does not lose its acidic properties.
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