If hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), which ions from each reactant participate in forming water?
H+(aq) from HCl and OH-(aq) from NaOH
Neutralisation between a strong acid and a strong base is essentially the combination of the acid's hydrogen ion with the base's hydroxide ion to form water.
Hydrochloric acid dissociates in water as HCl → H+(aq) + Cl-(aq), so the H+ comes from HCl.
Sodium hydroxide dissociates as NaOH → Na+(aq) + OH-(aq), so the OH- comes from NaOH.
The net ionic reaction is H+(aq) + OH-(aq) → H2O(l); Na+ and Cl- stay in solution as spectator ions and later form NaCl on evaporation.
Hence, water is formed from H+(aq) of HCl and OH-(aq) of NaOH.
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