What happens to solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) when the pressure is decreased to 1 atmosphere?
It sublimates directly into a gas.
Solid carbon dioxide is commonly called dry ice because it does not melt into a wet liquid under normal conditions.
At a pressure of 1 atmosphere, carbon dioxide cannot exist as a liquid; it changes directly from the solid state to the gaseous state.
This direct conversion of a solid into a gas without passing through the liquid phase is called sublimation.
Dry ice sublimates at about -78.5 degrees Celsius at 1 atmosphere, which is why it produces a smoky, fog-like effect.
Liquid carbon dioxide forms only under higher pressures (above about 5.1 atmospheres), so 'melts into a liquid' is incorrect here.
Because the substance neither stays solid nor freezes further, the correct description is direct sublimation into a gas.
Therefore, the correct answer is It sublimates directly into a gas.
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