Turmeric comes from the rhizome, which is none of the three parts named — option 4.

What a rhizome is. It is a modified underground stem, not a root. Two features identify it: it bears nodes and internodes with scale leaves and buds, and it grows horizontally, storing food. A true root has none of these. Turmeric, Curcuma longa, is a member of the ginger family, and the thick fingers dug up, boiled, dried and ground into powder are rhizomes.

Contrast with true roots that are eaten: carrot, radish, beetroot, sweet potato and Rauwolfia. Because turmeric belongs in the first list and not the second, “dried root” is wrong, and the question is testing exactly that distinction.

About turmeric. Its active compound is curcumin, which gives the yellow colour and the anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties for which it has been used in Indian medicine and household remedies for centuries. India is by far the world’s largest producer, consumer and exporter; Erode in Tamil Nadu is called Turmeric City, and Sangli in Maharashtra and Nizamabad in Telangana are other major centres. A National Turmeric Board was established in 2023. Turmeric also serves as a natural indicator, turning red in alkali — the basis of the school test with turmeric paper.

Why option 1 is not even a botanical term. Plants have no “foot”; the word is included simply to fill the option.

Hence, the answer is None of the above.