According to Thomson’s model, how are electrons arranged in an atom?
Embedded in a positively charged sphere like seeds in a watermelon
The Thomson model of the atom, proposed by J.J. Thomson in 1897, is often referred to as the "plum pudding model" or "watermelon model." According to this model, the structure of an atom is composed of:
-
The atom is envisioned as a sphere of positive charge.
- The sphere represents a uniform distribution of positive charge.
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Electrons, which are negatively charged particles, are embedded within this positively charged sphere.
- The electrons are stationary and scattered inside the sphere similar to seeds embedded in a watermelon.
- This model suggests that the negative charge from electrons balances out the positive charge, making the atom electrically neutral.
The correct option is: 'Embedded in a positively charged sphere like seeds in a watermelon'.
Justification for rejecting other options:
- Moving in fixed orbits around the nucleus: This describes the Rutherford-Bohr model, not the Thomson model.
- Randomly placed inside the nucleus: Electrons were not considered to be inside the nucleus in Thomson's model.
- Orbiting around neutrons in elliptical paths: This is incorrect as neutrons were not discovered at the time Thomson proposed his model.
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