The urge to inhale in human being results from:
Rising level of PCO2
Breathing rhythm in humans is regulated primarily by the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2). Central chemoreceptors located on the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata detect small rises in PCO2, which lower cerebrospinal fluid pH and stimulate the inspiratory neurons of the respiratory centre.
Falling PO2 acts only as a weak, secondary stimulus through peripheral chemoreceptors of the aortic and carotid bodies and becomes important only in severe hypoxia, so it is not the main driver of the normal urge to inhale.
Hence, the urge to inhale in humans results from a rising level of PCO2.
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