The following items consist of a sentence, the parts of which have been jumbled. These parts have been labelled P, Q, R and S. Given below each sentence are four sequences namely (a), (b), (c) and (d). You are required to re-arrange the jumbled parts of the sentence and mark your response accordingly. government, market and voluntary organisations (P) / mixture of contributions from (Q) / the provision of public goods (R) / and services can be regarded as a complex (S) The Correct sequence should be:
RSQP
Understanding Sentence Rearrangement for Public Goods Provision
This question asks us to rearrange the jumbled parts of a sentence to form a coherent and grammatically correct statement. The parts are labelled P, Q, R, and S. We need to find the correct sequence that makes sense in the context of public goods and services provision.
Let's look at the individual parts:
- P: government, market and voluntary organisations
- Q: mixture of contributions from
- R: the provision of public goods
- S: and services can be regarded as a complex
Step-by-Step Logic to Find the Correct Sequence
We can try to identify the subject and predicate of the sentence and how the phrases connect logically.
- The phrase "the provision of public goods" (R) sounds like the beginning of the main subject of the sentence.
- The phrase "and services can be regarded as a complex" (S) logically follows "public goods" (from R), completing the subject and introducing how it is viewed. Thus, RS seems like a strong starting pair. "The provision of public goods and services can be regarded as a complex..."
- What follows "complex"? The phrase "mixture of contributions from" (Q) fits perfectly after "complex," describing the nature of the complexity. So, RSQ seems highly probable. "The provision of public goods and services can be regarded as a complex mixture of contributions from..."
- What are these contributions from? The phrase "government, market and voluntary organisations" (P) provides the sources of these contributions. Thus, P should follow Q. So, RSQP completes the sequence. "The provision of public goods and services can be regarded as a complex mixture of contributions from government, market and voluntary organisations."
Verifying the RSQP Sequence
Let's assemble the full sentence using the RSQP sequence:
"The provision of public goods and services can be regarded as a complex mixture of contributions from government, market and voluntary organisations."
This sentence is grammatically correct and makes complete sense. It discusses how public goods and services are provided through combined efforts of different entities.
Let's briefly look at why other sequences might not work:
- RQPS: "The provision of public goods mixture of contributions from and services can be regarded as a complex government, market and voluntary organisations." (Doesn't make sense)
- QRSP: "mixture of contributions from the provision of public goods and services can be regarded as a complex government, market and voluntary organisations." (Starts abruptly, grammatically incorrect)
- QPSR: "mixture of contributions from government, market and voluntary organisations the provision of public goods and services can be regarded as a complex." (Grammatically incorrect structure)
Therefore, the only logical and grammatically sound sequence is RSQP.
Final Answer Derivation
By carefully examining the logical flow and grammatical structure, we determined that the parts should be arranged in the order R, S, Q, P to form a meaningful sentence about the provision of public goods and services.
| Part | Phrase | Role in Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| R | the provision of public goods | Starts the subject phrase |
| S | and services can be regarded as a complex | Completes the subject and links to the predicate |
| Q | mixture of contributions from | Describes the nature of the "complex" aspect |
| P | government, market and voluntary organisations | Lists the sources of contributions |
Combining these parts in the order RSQP gives the complete sentence: "The provision of public goods and services can be regarded as a complex mixture of contributions from government, market and voluntary organisations."
Revision Table: Sentence Rearrangement Practice
| Skill | Description | Application in this Question |
|---|---|---|
| Identifying Subject/Predicate | Finding the main noun phrase and verb phrase. | Recognizing 'the provision of public goods and services' as the likely subject. |
| Connecting Phrases | Looking for words or phrases that logically follow each other (e.g., 'complex' followed by 'mixture'). | Linking R to S, S to Q, and Q to P. |
| Checking Grammar & Meaning | Ensuring the assembled sentence is grammatically correct and makes sense. | Verifying that RSQP forms a logical statement. |
Additional Information: Public Goods and Provision
Public Goods: These are goods that are non-excludable (people cannot be easily prevented from using them) and non-rivalrous (one person's use does not reduce availability for others). Examples include national defense, street lighting, and sometimes education or healthcare.
Provision of Public Goods: Because of their nature (free ridership is common as they are non-excludable), public goods are often not adequately provided by the free market alone. Therefore, governments typically play a significant role in their provision, often funded through taxes. However, voluntary organisations (charities, community groups) and sometimes market mechanisms (like public-private partnerships) can also contribute to or manage the provision of these goods and services. The sentence highlights this reality that provision is often a blend of efforts from different sectors.
Understanding the context of the sentence (economics/public policy) can sometimes help in rearranging the parts, as certain phrases or concepts tend to appear together.
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P: He cannot go on shooting wide or falling short, and still fancy that he is making progress.
Q: This is so because the object to be attained is a matter of actual experiment in which you either succeed or fail.
R: He must either correct his aim or persevere in his error with his eyes open.
S: If a man aims at a mark with a bow and arrow, he must either hit it or aim it.
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R: Isaac was left to the care of his good old grandmother.
S: In his early years Isaac did not appear to be a very bright student.
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S: I remember the desperate nervousness that used to grip me from January to April every year.
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S: It considered the free inquiry into the nature of things to be wicked.
The correct sequence should be
