Question
The correct formal charges on oxygen atoms numbered 2, 1 and 3 respectively in ozone are :
This question was previously asked in
NEET UG Re-Exam 2026 Question Paper (21-Jun-2026)
The correct answer is
0, +1, -1
Step-by-step Solution:
To determine the formal charges on the oxygen atoms in ozone (\(O_3\)), we need to analyze its structure and use the formula for calculating formal charge:
\(\text{Formal Charge} = \text{Valence Electrons} - \text{Non-bonding Electrons} - \frac{\text{Bonding Electrons}}{2}\)
- Structure of Ozone: The ozone molecule has a bent shape with a resonance structure. The central oxygen atom is bonded to two other oxygen atoms.
- Oxygen number 1 (central): Forms a double bond with one oxygen and a single bond with another.
- Oxygen number 2: Forms a single bond with the central oxygen.
- Oxygen number 3: Forms a double bond with the central oxygen.
- Calculate Formal Charge:
- Oxygen 2:
- Valence electrons = 6 (for oxygen)
- Non-bonding electrons = 6
- Bonding electrons = 2 (single bond with central oxygen)
- \(\text{Formal Charge} = 6 - 6 - \frac{2}{2} = 0\)
- Oxygen 1 (central):
- Valence electrons = 6
- Non-bonding electrons = 4
- Bonding electrons = 6 (in a single and a double bond)
- \(\text{Formal Charge} = 6 - 4 - \frac{6}{2} = +1\)
- Oxygen 3:
- Valence electrons = 6
- Non-bonding electrons = 4
- Bonding electrons = 4 (double bond with central oxygen)
- \(\text{Formal Charge} = 6 - 4 - \frac{4}{2} = -1\)
- Oxygen 2:
- Conclusion: The correct formal charges on the oxygen atoms numbered 2, 1, and 3 in ozone are 0, +1, and -1 respectively. Thus, the correct answer is: 0, +1, -1.
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