Given below are some characteristics of logical argument. Select the code which expresses a characteristic which is not of inductive in character.
The conclusion conclusively follows from its premises.
The decisive difference between induction and deduction lies in the strength with which the conclusion is supposed to follow from the premises, so that is the test to apply to each option.
In a deductive argument the conclusion follows necessarily: if the premises are true the conclusion cannot be false. In an inductive argument the premises make the conclusion probable but never guarantee it, because induction moves from observed particulars to a general claim that goes beyond what has been observed. However many white swans one has seen, the conclusion that all swans are white can still be overturned by the next observation.
The statement that the conclusion conclusively follows from its premises therefore describes deduction, not induction. This is the option that answers the question. No inductive argument can claim conclusiveness without ceasing to be inductive.
The statement that the conclusion is claimed to follow from its premises is true of every argument whatever, inductive included, since that claim is what makes a group of propositions an argument at all. It does not distinguish the two kinds.
The statement that the conclusion is based on causal relation is characteristic of induction. Causal connections are established by observing that events occur together repeatedly, which is inductive work; Mill's methods of experimental inquiry are the classic formulation.
The statement that the conclusion is based on observation and experiment is likewise characteristic of induction, and indeed describes the method of the empirical sciences, which reason from collected evidence to general laws.
Hence the characteristic that is not inductive is that the conclusion conclusively follows from its premises.
Similar Questions
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The form of inductive argument is evaluated in degrees of likelihood or probability.
Statement II: A strong inductive argument that has all the true premises, is called a “cogent” argument.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Inductive arguments can be invalid or valid.
Statement II: A strong inductive argument that has all true premises is called a "cogent" argument.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:"Ten milligrams of substance X was fed to ten mice. All of them died within two minutes. One could conclude. This amount of substance is fatal to the average mouse". Which of the following statements regarding above argument are true?
A. It commits the fallacy of Hasty generalization.
B. It commits the fallacy of Irrelevant conclusion.
C. It is a strong inductive argument.
D. It is a weak deductive argument.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Which one among the following is a presupposition in inductive reasoning?
Reasoning from a specific case to a general conclusion is known as:
Identify the argument which involves a leap from the known to the unknown.
Inductive reasoning is grounded on:
If we want to seek new knowledge of facts about the world, we must rely on reason of the type:
Important Questions from Inductive
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The form of inductive argument is evaluated in degrees of likelihood or probability.
Statement II: A strong inductive argument that has all the true premises, is called a “cogent” argument.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Inductive arguments can be invalid or valid.
Statement II: A strong inductive argument that has all true premises is called a "cogent" argument.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:"Ten milligrams of substance X was fed to ten mice. All of them died within two minutes. One could conclude. This amount of substance is fatal to the average mouse". Which of the following statements regarding above argument are true?
A. It commits the fallacy of Hasty generalization.
B. It commits the fallacy of Irrelevant conclusion.
C. It is a strong inductive argument.
D. It is a weak deductive argument.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Which one among the following is a presupposition in inductive reasoning?
Reasoning from a specific case to a general conclusion is known as:
