Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The form of inductive argument is evaluated in degrees of likelihood or probability.
Statement II: A strong inductive argument that has all the true premises, is called a “cogent” argument.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
This question tests two standard definitions from the study of inductive logic, so each statement must be checked against the accepted meaning of the terms involved.
Statement I says that inductive arguments are evaluated in degrees of likelihood or probability. This is correct. Deductive arguments are assessed in an all-or-nothing way as either valid or invalid, because a valid deductive argument guarantees its conclusion. Inductive arguments do not offer such a guarantee; instead the premises make the conclusion more or less probable, and so they are graded on a sliding scale and described as strong when the premises make the conclusion highly probable and weak when they do not. Evaluation by degree of probability is therefore exactly the right description of inductive form.
Statement II says that a strong inductive argument with all true premises is called a cogent argument. This too is correct. In inductive logic, cogency is the counterpart of soundness in deductive logic: just as a sound deductive argument is one that is both valid and has all true premises, a cogent inductive argument is one that is both strong and has all true premises. A strong argument with a false premise is uncogent, exactly as a valid argument with a false premise is unsound.
Since both statements match the standard definitions, the correct choice is that both Statement I and Statement II are correct. The options declaring one or both statements false must be rejected because neither statement misstates its concept.
Similar Questions
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Inductive arguments can be invalid or valid.
Statement II: A strong inductive argument that has all true premises is called a "cogent" argument.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:"Ten milligrams of substance X was fed to ten mice. All of them died within two minutes. One could conclude. This amount of substance is fatal to the average mouse". Which of the following statements regarding above argument are true?
A. It commits the fallacy of Hasty generalization.
B. It commits the fallacy of Irrelevant conclusion.
C. It is a strong inductive argument.
D. It is a weak deductive argument.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Which one among the following is a presupposition in inductive reasoning?
Reasoning from a specific case to a general conclusion is known as:
Identify the argument which involves a leap from the known to the unknown.
Given below are some characteristics of logical argument. Select the code which expresses a characteristic which is not of inductive in character.
Inductive reasoning is grounded on:
If we want to seek new knowledge of facts about the world, we must rely on reason of the type:
Important Questions from Inductive
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Inductive arguments can be invalid or valid.
Statement II: A strong inductive argument that has all true premises is called a "cogent" argument.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:"Ten milligrams of substance X was fed to ten mice. All of them died within two minutes. One could conclude. This amount of substance is fatal to the average mouse". Which of the following statements regarding above argument are true?
A. It commits the fallacy of Hasty generalization.
B. It commits the fallacy of Irrelevant conclusion.
C. It is a strong inductive argument.
D. It is a weak deductive argument.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Which one among the following is a presupposition in inductive reasoning?
Reasoning from a specific case to a general conclusion is known as:
Identify the argument which involves a leap from the known to the unknown.
