In the food vacuole of which organism, complex substances are broken down into simpler ones which then diffuse into the cytoplasm?
Amoeba
The correct answer is option 3 i.e. Amoeba.
Complex food substances are indeed broken down into simpler ones. This process, called digestion, occurs inside a food vacuole, which is formed when the amoeba engulfs food particles through a process called phagocytosis.
Once inside the food vacuole, digestive enzymes are secreted to break down the complex substances into smaller, soluble molecules. These simpler molecules are then absorbed into the cytoplasm by diffusion, where they are utilized for energy, growth, and other metabolic activities.
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