Understanding Coding Decoding Logic

This question involves a coding-decoding pattern where words are converted into numerical values based on a specific rule. We are given two examples: 'PAINT' is coded as '80', and 'DROP' is coded as '59'. Our goal is to identify the underlying logic and apply it to find the code for 'MARKET'.

Identifying the Code Language Pattern

Let's analyze the given examples using common coding techniques, such as assigning numerical values to letters based on their position in the English alphabet.

The English alphabet has 26 letters. The positional value can be assigned in forward order (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26) or reverse order (A=26, B=25, ..., Z=1).

Reverse Positional Values

Let's list the reverse positional values for the alphabet:

Applying the Logic to PAINT (Code 80)

Let's try summing the reverse positional values of the letters in 'PAINT':

• P: Reverse value is 11
• A: Reverse value is 26
• I: Reverse value is 18
• N: Reverse value is 13
• T: Reverse value is 7

Sum of reverse values for PAINT $= 11 + 26 + 18 + 13 + 7 = 75$.

The given code is 80. The difference is $80 - 75 = 5$.

The word 'PAINT' has 5 letters. The difference (5) is equal to the number of letters in the word.

Applying the Logic to DROP (Code 59)

Let's test if the same logic applies to 'DROP'. Sum the reverse positional values:

• D: Reverse value is 23
• R: Reverse value is 9
• O: Reverse value is 12
• P: Reverse value is 11

Sum of reverse values for DROP $= 23 + 9 + 12 + 11 = 55$.

The given code is 59. The difference is $59 - 55 = 4$.

The word 'DROP' has 4 letters. The difference (4) is equal to the number of letters in the word.

Derived Coding Rule

Based on the analysis of 'PAINT' and 'DROP', the rule seems to be:

Encoded Value = (Sum of Reverse Positional Values of Letters) + (Number of Letters in the Word)

Coding the Word MARKET

Now, let's apply this rule to find the code for 'MARKET'.

First, find the reverse positional value for each letter in 'MARKET':

• M: Reverse value is 14
• A: Reverse value is 26
• R: Reverse value is 9
• K: Reverse value is 16
• E: Reverse value is 22
• T: Reverse value is 7

Next, calculate the sum of these reverse values:

Sum of reverse values for MARKET $= 14 + 26 + 9 + 16 + 22 + 7 = 94$.

Finally, add the number of letters in 'MARKET'. The word 'MARKET' has 6 letters.

Encoded value for MARKET $= \text{Sum of reverse values} + \text{Number of letters}$

Encoded value for MARKET $= 94 + 6 = 100$.

Conclusion

Using the identified coding rule, the word 'MARKET' is coded as 100.

Revision Table: Coding Logic Summary

Additional Information on Letter Coding

Letter coding is a common type of verbal reasoning question. These questions test your ability to identify patterns and rules in how letters or words are transformed into codes. The rules can be based on various factors, including:

• Positional Values: Using the standard position (A=1, Z=26) or reverse position (A=26, Z=1) of letters.
• Letter Shifting: Shifting letters a certain number of places forward or backward in the alphabet.
• Opposite Letters: Using pairs of letters that are equidistant from the ends of the alphabet (e.g., A is opposite Z, B is opposite Y).
• Vowel/Consonant Rules: Applying different rules based on whether a letter is a vowel or a consonant.
• Combination of Rules: Often, the code involves a combination of these methods, along with mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division, sometimes involving constants or the number of letters in the word.

Practicing various types of coding-decoding problems helps in quickly identifying the pattern during exams. Always start by checking the simplest patterns like positional values and letter shifting before moving to more complex combinations.