In a certain code, if BRDKE is written as AQCJD, then SLEEP will be written in that code as:
RKDDO
Understanding the Coding Decoding Logic
The problem provides a coded example: BRDKE is written as AQCJD. We need to figure out the pattern or rule used to transform the first word into the second word and then apply the same rule to the word SLEEP.
Analyzing the BRDKE to AQCJD Transformation
Let's look at the letters in the original word BRDKE and their corresponding letters in the coded word AQCJD, comparing their positions in the English alphabet.
| Original Word (BRDKE) | Coded Word (AQCJD) | Alphabetical Position Change |
|---|---|---|
| B | A | B is the 2nd letter, A is the 1st. \( 2 \rightarrow 1 \implies -1 \) |
| R | Q | R is the 18th letter, Q is the 17th. \( 18 \rightarrow 17 \implies -1 \) |
| D | C | D is the 4th letter, C is the 3rd. \( 4 \rightarrow 3 \implies -1 \) |
| K | J | K is the 11th letter, J is the 10th. \( 11 \rightarrow 10 \implies -1 \) |
| E | D | E is the 5th letter, D is the 4th. \( 5 \rightarrow 4 \implies -1 \) |
From this analysis, we can see a consistent pattern: each letter in the original word is replaced by the letter that comes immediately before it in the English alphabet. This is equivalent to subtracting 1 from the alphabetical position of each letter.
Applying the Code to SLEEP
Now, we apply the same rule (subtracting 1 from the alphabetical position of each letter) to the word SLEEP.
| Original Word (SLEEP) | Applying the Rule (-1 Position) | Coded Letter |
|---|---|---|
| S | S is the 19th letter. \( 19 - 1 = 18 \) which is R. | R |
| L | L is the 12th letter. \( 12 - 1 = 11 \) which is K. | K |
| E | E is the 5th letter. \( 5 - 1 = 4 \) which is D. | D |
| E | E is the 5th letter. \( 5 - 1 = 4 \) which is D. | D |
| P | P is the 16th letter. \( 16 - 1 = 15 \) which is O. | O |
Combining the coded letters for SLEEP, we get RKDDO.
Comparing with Options
Let's check the generated coded word RKDDO against the given options:
- RKDDO
- PNDDO
- RJDDN
- PJDDQ
The coded word we derived, RKDDO, matches the first option.
Conclusion
Following the pattern where each letter is replaced by the letter preceding it in the alphabet, the word SLEEP is coded as RKDDO.
Revision Table: Coding Decoding Concepts
| Concept | Explanation | Example (Simple) |
|---|---|---|
| Letter Shifting | Each letter is shifted by a fixed number of positions forward or backward in the alphabet. | A → C (+2), B → D (+2) |
| Letter Reversal | The order of letters might be reversed in segments or entirely. | WORD → DROW |
| Letter Substitution | Each letter is replaced by another specific letter, not necessarily based on position shift. | A → Z, B → Y (sometimes based on opposite ends of alphabet) |
| Mixed Patterns | A combination of shifting, reversal, or different patterns for different letters or positions. | First half +2 shift, second half -1 shift. |
Additional Information on Letter Coding
Coding and decoding questions are common in logical reasoning sections of various exams. They test your ability to identify patterns and rules. The pattern can be based on:
- The position of letters in the alphabet (forward or backward shift).
- Skipping a certain number of letters.
- Vowel/Consonant specific rules.
- Reversing the order of letters or blocks of letters.
- A combination of different rules.
To solve these problems effectively, it is helpful to know the alphabetical positions of letters quickly (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26) or even write down the alphabet forward and backward during the exam.
Always check the identified pattern against all letters of the given example word to ensure consistency before applying it to the word that needs to be coded or decoded.
Important Questions from Operations on Place Value
In a certain code language, TOGETHER is coded as 119 and MASTER is coded as 87. How will REVERSE be coded in that language?
In a code language, SOUGHT is written as VRXDEQ. How will ENSURE be written in that language?
If A = 1, FAT = 27, then FAITH = ?
In a certain code language, ‘BULB’ is written as ‘190’, ‘CALM’ is written as ‘150’. What is the code for ‘DOES’ in that code language
If MAMMAL is written as 13-1-13-13-1-12, using the same code REPTILE is written as______.
