Decoding Letter and Number Codes

This question asks us to decipher a specific code language where words are represented by numerical values. We are given two examples: 'BULB' is coded as '190' and 'CALM' is coded as '150'. We need to find the code for 'DOES' using the same logic.

Analyzing the Given Codes: BULB and CALM

Let's first consider the positional values of the letters in the English alphabet (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26).

Code for BULB

• B: Position 2
• U: Position 21
• L: Position 12
• B: Position 2

Sum of positional values for BULB = $2 + 21 + 12 + 2 = 37$.

The given code for BULB is 190.

Code for CALM

• C: Position 3
• A: Position 1
• L: Position 12
• M: Position 13

Sum of positional values for CALM = $3 + 1 + 12 + 13 = 29$.

The given code for CALM is 150.

Identifying the Coding Pattern

We have the sums of positional values and their corresponding codes:

• BULB: Sum = 37, Code = 190
• CALM: Sum = 29, Code = 150

Let's try to find a relationship between the sum and the code. A common pattern involves multiplication and/or addition/subtraction.

Let's see if multiplying the sum by a constant gives a value close to the code:

• For BULB: $37 \times C \approx 190$. If $C=5$, $37 \times 5 = 185$. This is close to 190.
• For CALM: $29 \times C \approx 150$. If $C=5$, $29 \times 5 = 145$. This is close to 150.

It appears the sum is multiplied by 5. Let's see the difference between the multiplied sum and the code:

• For BULB: $190 - (37 \times 5) = 190 - 185 = 5$.
• For CALM: $150 - (29 \times 5) = 150 - 145 = 5$.

The pattern seems to be: (Sum of positional values $\times 5$) + 5.

Applying the Pattern to DOES

Now, let's apply this coding pattern to the word 'DOES'.

First, find the sum of the positional values for DOES:

• D: Position 4
• O: Position 15
• E: Position 5
• S: Position 19

Sum of positional values for DOES = $4 + 15 + 5 + 19 = 43$.

Now, apply the pattern: (Sum $\times 5$) + 5

Code for DOES = $(43 \times 5) + 5$

Code for DOES = $215 + 5$

Code for DOES = $220$

Verifying the Code for DOES

The calculated code for 'DOES' is 220. Let's check this against the given options.

The options provided are 180, 220, 210, and 160. Our calculated value of 220 matches one of the options.

Summary of the Coding Logic

The numerical code for a word is derived by first calculating the sum of the positional values of its letters in the alphabet. This sum is then multiplied by 5, and finally, 5 is added to the result.

$ \text{Code} = (\text{Sum of positional values} \times 5) + 5 $

Based on the identified pattern and calculation, the code for 'DOES' is 220.

Revision Table: Understanding Coding Decoding

Additional Information: Types of Coding Decoding

Coding-decoding questions test your ability to decipher patterns in codes. Besides the type seen here, other common patterns include:

• Letter Coding: Letters are replaced by other letters based on a pattern (e.g., shifting positions, reverse alphabetical order).
• Number Coding: Words are represented by numbers. This can involve positional values (forward or reverse), number of letters, or other arithmetic operations.
• Symbol Coding: Letters or words are replaced by symbols.
• Mixed Coding: Words are associated with codes that are a mix of letters and numbers, or multiple words have multiple codes and you must identify which code belongs to which word based on common elements.
• Reverse Positional Values: Sometimes, the values are taken from the reverse alphabet order (A=26, B=25, ... Z=1).

Solving these questions requires careful observation, knowledge of alphabetical positions, and logical deduction skills to identify the hidden pattern or rule.