In 1901 who has published the book ‘Poverty and Un-British Rule in India’ ?
Dadabhai Naoroji
The book was written by Dadabhai Naoroji — option 1.
What it argued. Published in 1901, Poverty and Un-British Rule in India gathered two decades of Naoroji’s papers and evidence into the fullest statement of the drain of wealth theory. His case was that a large part of India’s wealth was transferred to Britain every year without any equivalent return, and that this, not any natural cause, explained Indian poverty. The channels he identified were :
| Channel of the drain | What it meant |
|---|---|
| Home Charges | Expenses of the India Office in London, met from Indian revenues |
| Salaries and pensions | Paid to British officials of the civil and military services, and remitted home |
| Interest on public debt | On loans raised in England for railways and public works |
| Military expenditure | Including campaigns outside India charged to the Indian exchequer |
| Profits of British firms | Repatriated rather than reinvested |
The title is deliberate: he was not attacking British ideals but arguing that the government of India was un-British, denying Indians the liberties and fair dealing that Britons claimed for themselves. That was the characteristic Moderate line — an appeal to British conscience and British principle.
About the man. Naoroji is called the Grand Old Man of India. He was thrice President of the Indian National Congress (1886, 1893, 1906), the first Indian elected to the British House of Commons, for Central Finsbury in 1892, and it was he who first computed an estimate of India’s national income and per capita income.
Why R. C. Dutt is the closest distractor. Romesh Chandra Dutt wrote The Economic History of India in two volumes, 1902 and 1904, on the same theme and in the same years — the deindustrialisation of Indian handicrafts and the burden of the land revenue. Both men are founders of the economic critique of colonial rule, but this particular title is Naoroji’s.
Hence, the answer is Dadabhai Naoroji.
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