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Question

Has caste lost its relevance in understanding the multi-cultural Indian Society? Elaborate your answer with illustrations.

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CSE 2020 (Prelims) CSAT Previous Year Paper (04-Oct-2020)

Caste has certainly weakened in its traditional, ritualistic form in urban and public life, but it has not lost its relevance in understanding Indian society. Instead, it has adapted, showing its influence in more subtle, yet powerful, ways.

In politics, caste remains a primary tool for mobilizing voters. Political parties meticulously calculate caste arithmetic when distributing tickets, and voting patterns often align with caste identities. This shows its continued relevance in the functioning of our democracy.

In the social sphere, endogamy (marrying within one's caste) is still overwhelmingly the norm, as seen in matrimonial advertisements and family preferences. This maintains caste boundaries across generations.

Economically, caste identity continues to correlate with social status and opportunity. Dalits and Adivasis still face systemic disadvantages and are disproportionately represented in lower-income groups. Therefore, while its public expression has changed, caste remains a critical lens for understanding social, political, and economic dynamics in India.

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Important Questions from GS1

  1. Underline the changes in the field of society and economy from the Rig Vedic to the later Vedic period. 

  2. Estimate the contribution of Pallavas of Kanchi for the development of art and literature of South India. 

  3. How far is it correct to say that the First World War was fought essentially for the preservation of the balance of power?

  4. How far was the Industrial Revolution in England responsible for the decline of handicrafts and cottage industries in India?

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