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Question

"Duties are of the nature of obligation while Rights are of the nature of entitlement. Therefore there is no necessary connection between the two." Do you agree with this statement? Give reasons and justification for your answer.

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CSE 2025 (Prelims) CSAT Official Paper (25-May-2025)

I disagree with the statement that there is no necessary connection between duties and rights, even though they differ in nature. While duties are obligations and rights are entitlements, they are largely reciprocal and interdependent within a functioning society.

My right to freedom of speech, for instance, implies a correlative duty on the part of others (and the state) not to suppress that speech. Conversely, my duty to obey traffic laws grants me the right to expect others to do the same, contributing to road safety.

Classical liberal thought often emphasized rights as inherent, preceding societal duties. However, in a social contract, most rights granted by a community necessitate responsibilities. For a state to uphold my rights, it has a duty to provide protection and infrastructure; conversely, for me to demand those rights, I may have duties like civic participation or taxation.

Without duties, rights can become meaningless or lead to anarchy. Without rights, duties can become oppressive. A just society balances this interdependence, recognizing that the fulfillment of one often depends on the acknowledgment and performance of the other.

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