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Discuss the geophysical characteristics of Circum-Pacific Zone.

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CSE 2020 (Prelims) CSAT Previous Year Paper (04-Oct-2020)

The Circum-Pacific Zone, famously known as the "Ring of Fire," is the world's most geophysically active region. Its primary characteristic is the intense tectonic activity along the rim of the Pacific Ocean.

This zone is defined by a series of converging plate boundaries and subduction zones, where denser oceanic plates slide beneath lighter continental plates. This process fuels its other major features.

First, it hosts over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes, forming vast volcanic arcs like the Andes and the Japanese archipelago. The subducting plate melts, creating magma that rises to the surface.

Second, it experiences about 90% of the world's earthquakes, including most of the largest ones. The immense stress built up between the moving plates is released as powerful seismic waves. Consequently, tsunamis are also a frequent and devastating hazard in this zone, triggered by undersea earthquakes.

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Important Questions from GS1

  1. Underline the changes in the field of society and economy from the Rig Vedic to the later Vedic period. 

  2. Estimate the contribution of Pallavas of Kanchi for the development of art and literature of South India. 

  3. How far is it correct to say that the First World War was fought essentially for the preservation of the balance of power?

  4. How far was the Industrial Revolution in England responsible for the decline of handicrafts and cottage industries in India?

  5. The groundwater potential of the Gangetic valley is on a serious decline. How may it affect the food security of India?

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