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Question

Direction: Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word/words followed by four words. Select the option that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word/words and mark your response on your Answer Sheet accordingly.

Ravi is jovial and he makes the environment sanguine .

This question was previously asked in
CDS I 2018 Elementary Mathematics Previous Year Paper (04-Feb-2018)
The correct answer is

Pessimistic

Finding the Opposite of Sanguine: Understanding Antonyms

The question asks us to find the word that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word 'sanguine' in the sentence: "Ravi is jovial and he makes the environment sanguine."

Understanding the Meaning of Sanguine

The word 'sanguine' typically means optimistic, hopeful, or positive, especially in a difficult situation. In the given sentence, Ravi is described as jovial (cheerful and friendly), and he makes the environment 'sanguine', implying he makes the atmosphere cheerful, hopeful, or optimistic.

Analyzing the Options for the Opposite Meaning

We need to find the antonym (opposite) of 'sanguine'. Let's look at the given options:

  • Pessimistic: This word means tending to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen. It is the opposite of optimistic or hopeful.
  • Optimistic: This word means hopeful and confident about the future. This is a synonym of sanguine, not an opposite.
  • Humorous: This word means causing laughter or amusement; funny. While a jovial person might be humorous, this word doesn't directly relate to the sense of hopefulness or positivity that 'sanguine' conveys in contrast to its opposite.
  • Rebellious: This word means showing a desire to resist authority, control, or convention. This is unrelated to the meaning of 'sanguine' or its opposite.

Identifying the Correct Antonym

Comparing the meaning of 'sanguine' (optimistic, hopeful) with the options, 'pessimistic' (seeing the worst, lacking hope) is the clear opposite.

Therefore, the word opposite in meaning to 'sanguine' is 'Pessimistic'.

Word Meaning Relationship to Sanguine
Sanguine Optimistic, hopeful, positive -
Pessimistic Seeing the worst, expecting negative outcomes Opposite (Antonym)
Optimistic Hopeful and confident about the future Similar (Synonym)
Humorous Funny, amusing Unrelated meaning
Rebellious Resisting authority Unrelated meaning

Conclusion

Based on the analysis of the word meanings and the options provided, 'Pessimistic' is the word that is opposite in meaning to 'sanguine'.

Revision Table: Sanguine and its Opposite

Word Meaning Example Usage
Sanguine Optimistic or positive, especially in an apparently difficult situation. Despite the challenges, she remained sanguine about the outcome.
Pessimistic Tending to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen. He is pessimistic about the company's future prospects.

Additional Information on Antonyms and Synonyms

Understanding antonyms and synonyms is crucial for building vocabulary and improving comprehension. An antonym is a word that has the opposite meaning of another word. A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word.

  • Antonyms: Examples include hot/cold, up/down, happy/sad.
  • Synonyms: Examples include happy/joyful, big/large, quick/fast.

Recognizing these relationships between words helps in interpreting sentence meanings and choosing the most appropriate words when speaking or writing.

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