Consider the following statements regarding the murmur of Patent Ductus Arteriosus: 1. It is a continuous 'machinery' murmur. 2. There is a late diastolic accentuation. 3. It is maximal in the second left intercostal space below the clavicle. 4. With the development of Eisenmenger Syndrome, the murmur becomes louder and rumbling in character. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1 and 3
The classic PDA murmur is a continuous 'machinery' murmur (statement 1 correct) with late systolic accentuation (not late diastolic - statement 2 is incorrect as worded), heard maximally in the second left intercostal space, infraclavicular area (statement 3 correct). With development of Eisenmenger syndrome, the murmur actually diminishes or disappears as the shunt reverses and pulmonary pressures equalize, so statement 4 is incorrect. Hence statements 1 and 3 are correct.
Important Questions from Ischemic Heart Disease
- A 60-year-old diabetic female presents with acute myocardial infarction. ECG changes include ST elevation greater than 1 mm in lead aVR. The likely localization of thrombosis is in
- An elderly-man with history of Diabetes mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease comes for follow-up, with complaints of muscle pains. Which one of the following drugs could be the most likely cause?
- All of the following are indications for treadmill testing/exercise-testing EXCEPT:
A 60-year-old man comes to emergency with history of chest pain, which is acute onset. The ECG shows ST depression and T waves inversion. Cardiac biomarkers in blood are not elevated. What will be the appropriate management?
- Which one of the following is not a differential diagnosis of ST segment elevation in ECG?
