Consider the following statements about National Wildlife Action Plan (NWAP) of India for 2017- 2031: 1. This is the Third National Wildlife Action Plan. 2. The NWAP is unique as this is the first time India has recognized the concerns relating to climate change impact on wildlife. 3. The NWAP has ten components. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1 and 2 only
Understanding India's National Wildlife Action Plan 2017-2031
Let's analyze the statements given about the National Wildlife Action Plan (NWAP) of India for the period 2017-2031 to determine which ones are accurate.
Analyzing Statement 1: Identity of the Plan
- The statement claims that this NWAP (2017-2031) is the Third National Wildlife Action Plan.
- India has a history of developing such plans. The first NWAP covered the period 1983-2001. The second NWAP covered 2002-2016.
- Following the second plan, the NWAP for 2017-2031 was formulated.
- Therefore, based on the sequence, the National Wildlife Action Plan for 2017-2031 is indeed the third such plan adopted by India.
- Statement 1 is correct.
Analyzing Statement 2: Climate Change Recognition
- The statement highlights the uniqueness of the NWAP 2017-2031 by claiming it's the first time India has specifically recognized the concerns related to climate change impact on wildlife.
- Previous plans primarily focused on habitat protection, species conservation, anti-poaching measures, etc.
- The NWAP 2017-2031 significantly incorporates the theme of 'Climate Change Adaptation and Integrated Habitat Management'. It recognizes climate change as a major threat to wildlife and emphasizes the need for adaptation strategies.
- This focus on climate change impact on wildlife is indeed a prominent and distinguishing feature of the third NWAP compared to its predecessors.
- Statement 2 is correct.
Analyzing Statement 3: Number of Components
- The statement asserts that the NWAP 2017-2031 has ten components.
- The structure of the National Wildlife Action Plan 2017-2031 is based on various themes or components addressing different aspects of wildlife conservation.
- Reviewing the official documentation for the NWAP 2017-2031 reveals that it is structured around 17 components or themes, not ten. These themes cover a wide range of topics from species conservation and habitat management to climate change, wildlife health, infrastructure development impact, coastal and marine ecosystems, and public participation.
- Therefore, the statement about having ten components is incorrect.
- Statement 3 is incorrect.
Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- Statement 1 is correct.
- Statement 2 is correct.
- Statement 3 is incorrect.
Thus, the correct statements are 1 and 2 only.
Revision Table: National Wildlife Action Plans of India
| Plan | Period | Key Focus/Features |
|---|---|---|
| First NWAP | 1983-2001 | Focus on protected area network, species conservation. |
| Second NWAP | 2002-2016 | Expanded scope, included conservation outside protected areas. |
| Third NWAP | 2017-2031 | Further expanded scope, prominent inclusion of climate change, integration with development sectors, focus on coastal/marine wildlife, wildlife health, etc. Based on 17 themes. |
Additional Information: Third NWAP 2017-2031
The National Wildlife Action Plan (NWAP) 2017-2031 provides a roadmap for wildlife conservation in India for a 15-year period. It was approved by the Standing Committee of National Board for Wildlife (NBWL). Key features include:
- Integration of wildlife conservation with other development sectors to minimize human-wildlife conflict and ensure sustainability.
- Focus on habitat management including forests, wetlands, and grasslands, with special attention to endangered species and critical habitats.
- Addressing emerging challenges like climate change impacts on wildlife, increasing human-wildlife conflict, wildlife health, and the impact of linear infrastructure projects.
- Emphasis on conservation of coastal and marine ecosystems and species.
- Promoting research, monitoring, and wildlife education and awareness.
- Encouraging public participation and livelihood security for people living near wildlife areas.
- It comprises 17 themes covering a wide spectrum of conservation issues.
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