Classify natural resources. Discuss the natural resource management with reference to ecological conservation.
Natural resources can be broadly classified into renewable and non-renewable types. Renewable resources include soil, water, forests, biodiversity, and air, which can regenerate if managed sustainably. Non-renewable resources like minerals, fossil fuels, and metals are finite and degrade once overexploited.
Natural resource management focuses on sustainable utilization without compromising ecological balance. It emphasizes soil conservation through contour farming, water harvesting, and afforestation. Integrated watershed management ensures water-use efficiency while protecting biodiversity. Ecological conservation also requires maintaining carbon balance, preventing desertification, and controlling pollution. The goal is to harmonize development with conservation so that resources remain available for future generations.
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