The question asks us to identify the antonym of the word ‘effervescent’ based on the given sentence. The sentence provided is: "Sonali is bubbly and carefree in comparison to her sister Mitali’s subdued nature."

First, let's understand the meaning of the word ‘effervescent’. ‘Effervescent’ describes someone who is lively, enthusiastic, and cheerful. It is often used to describe a personality that is bubbly and spirited.

Now let's look at the sentence again. It describes Sonali as "bubbly and carefree". The word "bubbly" here is very close in meaning to ‘effervescent’. The sentence then contrasts Sonali's nature with her sister Mitali’s "subdued nature". A subdued nature is one that is quiet, restrained, or low-spirited, which is the opposite of being lively or bubbly.

Analyzing the Options for Antonym of Effervescent

Let's examine each option provided:

• Bubbly: As discussed, 'bubbly' is a synonym or very close in meaning to ‘effervescent’. It is not an antonym.
• Comparison: This word refers to the act of comparing two or more things. It is irrelevant to the meaning of ‘effervescent’.
• Carefree: This means not having worries or responsibilities. While someone effervescent might also be carefree, it’s not the direct opposite of being effervescent. Being carefree relates more to one's mental state regarding worries, whereas effervescent relates to one's energy and expressiveness.
• Subdued: This means quiet, reflective, restrained, or lacking in energy or enthusiasm. This is the direct opposite of being lively, bubbly, or effervescent. The sentence explicitly contrasts Sonali's bubbly nature with Mitali's subdued nature, highlighting 'subdued' as the antonym in this context.

Based on the meanings and the context of the sentence, the antonym of ‘effervescent’ (or 'bubbly' which is used similarly) is 'subdued'.

Revision Table: Antonym of Effervescent

Additional Information on Antonyms and Synonyms

Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings. Synonyms are words that have similar meanings. Understanding antonyms and synonyms helps build vocabulary and improves comprehension.

Examples:

• Antonym pair: Hot – Cold
• Synonym pair: Happy – Joyful

Context is very important when determining the best antonym or synonym, as some words have multiple meanings depending on how they are used in a sentence.