“Buyers are less price sensitive when they cannot easily compare the quality substitutes”. Which of the following factors of price sensitivity is reflected from this statement ?
None of the above
Kotler lists factors that make buyers less price-sensitive: the unique-value, substitute-awareness, difficult-comparison, total-expenditure, end-benefit, shared-cost, sunk-investment, price-quality and inventory effects.
The quoted statement, that buyers are less price-sensitive when they cannot easily compare the quality of substitutes, is Kotler's definition of the difficult-comparison effect.
The substitute-awareness effect says buyers are less price-sensitive when they are less aware of substitutes; it is about knowing that substitutes exist, not about comparing their quality.
The unique-value effect applies when the product is more distinctive, and the price-quality effect applies when the product is thought to carry more quality, prestige or exclusiveness. Neither describes difficulty in comparing quality.
Since the difficult-comparison effect is not among the named effects, none of them fits the statement.
Hence, None of the above.
The pricing strategy which adjusts the basic price to accommodate differences in customers, products and locations is called :
Which one of the following is a false statement ?
Match the items of List-I with the items of List-II :
| List-I | List-II |
| (a) Law of diminishing marginal utility | (i) Cross demand |
| (b) Relationship between price of one commodity and demand for other commodity | (ii) Oligopoly |
| (c) Skimming the cream policy | (iii) Cardinal approach |
| (d) Price rigidity | (iv) Pioneer pricing |
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Firms producing and selling a large variety of goods will generally follow :
Penetrating pricing strategy is appropriate when
Cost-plus pricing is considered appropriate for :
I. Product Tailoring
II. Public Utility Pricing
III. Refusal Pricing
IV. Monopoly Pricing
Codes :
Assertion (A) : Differential pricing structure is designed to accommodate the various categories of buyers.
Reason (R) : It aims at increasing sales and revenues and driving the competitors out from the market.
Codes :
Match the items of List-I with the items of List-II.
| List – I | List – II | ||
| (a) | A market having high price elasticity. | I. | Skimming pricing |
| (b) | A market having high price inelasticity | II. | Differential pricing |
| (c) | A market having several segments differing prominently with regard to price elasticities of their demand. | III. | Penetrating pricing |
Codes :
I II III
When electronic markets permit prices to change faster even daily as a function of demand and supply then this practice is called :
Match the items of the List - I with those of the List - II and indicate the correct code :
| List - I | List - II | ||
| (a) | Trade Channel Discount | (i) | Oligopoly Pricing |
| (b) | Loss Leadership | (ii) | Locational Price Differentials |
| (c) | Pricing being non - responsive to changes in the demand and the cost | (iii) | Differential Pricing |
| (d) | Basing Point Pricing | (iv) | Product - Line Pricing |
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Indicate the correct code for the points taken into consideration for product line pricing from the following:
(i) Demand relationships of different products
(ii) Competitive situation in the product market
(iii) Advertising endeavours for different products
(iv) Cost estimates for various products
Choose the correct answer from the code given below:
In pricing one new emerging model is Outcome Based Pricing Model. When pricing is done for the IT industry., which of these will represent Outcome Based Pricing?
In principle, all goods and services are valued at _______, that is, inclusive of all taxes.