According to Aristotle, substance is prior to other categories because it :
Exists separately and is not an attribute
In the Categories and Metaphysics (Book Z), Aristotle says substance (ousia) is prior to the other nine categories (quantity, quality, relation, place, time, etc.) in definition, in knowledge and in time.
The reason: primary substance (this man, this horse) exists separately (choriston) and is neither 'said of' nor 'present in' a subject, i.e. it is not an attribute of anything. All the other categories exist only as attributes in a substance and cannot exist apart from it.
So the combinations in which substance does not exist separately, or is an attribute, reverse Aristotle's account.
Hence, the answer is: Exists separately and is not an attribute.
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