A student mixes aqueous solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate. A white curd-like substance forms instantly. What type of chemical reaction is primarily responsible for this observation?
Precipitation reaction forming insoluble barium sulphate
When aqueous barium chloride (BaCl2) reacts with aqueous sodium sulphate (Na2SO4), the barium and sulphate ions combine to form barium sulphate (BaSO4), which is insoluble in water.
The reaction can be written as: \(BaCl_2 + Na_2SO_4 \rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow + 2NaCl\).
Since BaSO4 is insoluble, it separates out of the solution as a white curd-like solid, which is the defining feature of a precipitation reaction.
Hence, the observation is due to a precipitation reaction forming insoluble barium sulphate.
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