Who among the following was one of the founders of the Indian Society of Oriental Art?
Abanindranath Tagore
Understanding the Indian Society of Oriental Art
The question asks about the founders of the Indian Society of Oriental Art. This society played a significant role in the development of modern Indian art, particularly associated with the Bengal School of Art.
The Indian Society of Oriental Art was established in Calcutta (now Kolkata) in 1907. Its founding was a key moment in the artistic and cultural landscape of India during the early 20th century. The society aimed to promote and revive traditional Indian artistic styles and techniques, which were seen as being overshadowed by Western influences at the time. It provided a platform for Indian artists and intellectuals to showcase their work and ideas.
Key Founders and Figures
Several notable figures were involved in the establishment and activities of the Indian Society of Oriental Art. Among the prominent founders were:
- Abanindranath Tagore: A key figure in the Bengal School of Art, he was a central artist and theorist behind the movement and a principal founder of the society.
- Gaganendranath Tagore: Abanindranath's brother, also an artist, was actively involved in the society and its initiatives.
- Ernest Binfield Havell (E.B. Havell): The Principal of the Government School of Art, Calcutta, he was a strong advocate for Indian art and collaborated closely with the Tagores in establishing the society.
- Other European members who supported the revival of Indian art.
The society organized exhibitions, published journals, and supported artists working in traditional Indian styles. It was instrumental in shaping the direction of modern Indian art.
Analyzing the Options
Let's look at the given options in the context of the Indian Society of Oriental Art:
- Rabindranath Tagore: While a towering figure in Indian culture and Abanindranath and Gaganendranath's uncle, Rabindranath Tagore was not typically listed as one of the primary founders of the *Indian Society of Oriental Art*. His contributions were immense across literature, music, and his own unique style of painting, but the society's direct founding is more closely associated with others.
- Abanindranath Tagore: As discussed, Abanindranath Tagore was a pivotal founder of the society and a leading artist of the Bengal School it championed.
- Dwarakanath Tagore: Dwarakanath Tagore was Rabindranath's grandfather and a prominent entrepreneur and social reformer in the 19th century. He passed away long before the founding of the Indian Society of Oriental Art in 1907.
- Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya: A celebrated Bengali writer, poet, and journalist, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya was a contemporary of the earlier generation of the Tagore family and a significant figure in Bengali literature. He was not involved in the founding of the Indian Society of Oriental Art.
Based on historical records and the roles of these individuals, Abanindranath Tagore was indeed one of the founders of the Indian Society of Oriental Art.
Revision Table: Indian Society of Oriental Art Founders
| Figure | Role/Contribution | Associated with Indian Society of Oriental Art? |
|---|---|---|
| Abanindranath Tagore | Artist, Chief Architect of Bengal School | Yes (Founder) |
| Gaganendranath Tagore | Artist | Yes (Founder/Key Member) |
| E.B. Havell | Art Administrator, Advocate of Indian Art | Yes (Founder) |
| Rabindranath Tagore | Poet, Writer, Painter, Philosopher | Not a primary founder of the society, though related to the family involved. |
| Dwarakanath Tagore | Businessman, Social Reformer (19th Century) | No (Lived earlier) |
| Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya | Writer, Journalist | No |
Additional Information: The Bengal School of Art
The Indian Society of Oriental Art was closely linked to the Bengal School of Art movement. This movement emerged in the early 20th century as a reaction against the academic Western art styles taught in British art schools in India.
- The Bengal School artists sought inspiration from traditional Indian miniature painting, Mughal art, and Japanese wash techniques.
- Abanindranath Tagore is considered the father of the Bengal School.
- The movement aimed to express India's unique spiritual and cultural identity through art.
- While initially nationalistic, the Bengal School evolved and faced criticism for its limited scope and style later on, paving the way for further experimentation in modern Indian art.
The Indian Society of Oriental Art was a crucial institution for promoting the artists and ideals of the Bengal School during its formative years.
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