Who among the following laid the foundation of the Vijayanagara Empire?
Harihara and Bukka
Understanding the Foundation of the Vijayanagara Empire
The Vijayanagara Empire was a powerful empire in South India that existed from the 14th to the 17th centuries. Understanding its origins is crucial for studying medieval Indian history. The question asks about the individuals responsible for establishing this significant empire.
Who Founded the Vijayanagara Empire?
Historical sources widely attribute the foundation of the Vijayanagara Empire to two brothers. These brothers initially served under the Kakatiya rulers of Warangal and later the Kampili state. Following the decline of these kingdoms and the invasion by the Delhi Sultanate, they established their own kingdom in the region south of the Tungabhadra River.
The two brothers who founded the empire were:
- Harihara I
- Bukka Raya I
They are collectively known as Harihara and Bukka. They are believed to have founded the city of Vijayanagara and established the Sangama dynasty, the first dynasty to rule the empire.
Analysis of Other Options
Let's look at the other options provided to understand their roles in the Vijayanagara Empire, if any, but not as founders:
- Krishnadeva Raya: He was one of the most famous and powerful rulers of the Vijayanagara Empire, belonging to the Tuluva dynasty. He reigned much later than the founders, during the early 16th century (roughly 1509-1529 CE). His reign is considered a golden age for the empire.
- Rama Raya: He was a regent and de facto ruler during the reign of Sadasiva Raya, the last ruler of the Tuluva dynasty, in the mid-16th century. He was the leading figure in the Battle of Talikota (1565), which severely weakened the empire. He belonged to the Aravidu dynasty.
- Virupaksha Raya: There were a few rulers named Virupaksha in the history of the Vijayanagara Empire, primarily from the Sangama dynasty. Virupaksha Raya II was one of the later rulers of the Sangama dynasty (reigned c. 1465–1485 CE), preceding the Saluva dynasty. None of the rulers named Virupaksha were the founders.
Based on historical evidence, the founders of the Vijayanagara Empire were Harihara and Bukka.
Revision Table: Key Figures in Vijayanagara History
| Figure | Role/Period | Dynasty |
|---|---|---|
| Harihara I | Co-founder (c. 1336–1356 CE) | Sangama |
| Bukka Raya I | Co-founder and second ruler (c. 1356–1377 CE) | Sangama |
| Krishnadeva Raya | Famous Ruler (c. 1509–1529 CE) | Tuluva |
| Rama Raya | Regent/De facto ruler (Mid-16th century) | Aravidu |
| Virupaksha Raya II | Later Ruler (c. 1465–1485 CE) | Sangama |
Additional Information on Vijayanagara Empire Origins
The establishment of the Vijayanagara Empire in 1336 CE is a significant event in South Indian history. It played a crucial role in resisting the expansion of the Delhi Sultanate southwards and preserving Hindu culture and traditions in the region. The capital city, Vijayanagara (City of Victory), was located on the banks of the Tungabhadra River and grew into one of the largest and most prosperous cities of its time. The empire is also known for its contributions to art, architecture, literature, and administration.
The two brothers, Harihara and Bukka, are traditionally believed to have been guided by the saint Vidyaranya in establishing the empire, though modern historical research offers varying perspectives on the exact details of its founding.
Similar Questions
Which of the following statements about Vijayanagara king Krishnadevaraya's expeditions are correct?
1. In the early years of his reign he marched against the ruler of Orissa.
2. In 1520 CE, he captured the fort of Raichur from Ismail Adil Khan.
3. Krishnadevaraya restored Sultan Mahmud Shah to power and assumed the title of Yavana-rajya-sthapan-acharya.
Select the answer using the code given below:
Consider the following statements about the Mahanavami Dibba:
1. It was the name of a giant box of sweets distributed at the Mahanavami festival.
2. It was the name of a massive platform with a base covered with relief carvings.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which one of the following kingdoms was founded by the two brothers Harihar and Bukka?
Consider the following statements regarding the royal center in Vijayanagara Empire:
1. The royal center was located in the south-western part of the settlement
2. It included over 60 temples
3. About 30 building complexes at the site have been identified as palaces
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Important Questions from Southern Dynasties
According to Portuguese writer Nuniz, the women in Vijayanagara Empire were expert in which of the following areas?
1. Wrestling
2. Astrology
3. Accounting
4. Soothsaying
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Which emperor of Vijayanagara Empire earned the title of 'Kannada kingdom Rama Ramana'?
Which of the following statement is correct?
I. Hampi was the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire.
II. In 1687, the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb annexed Golconda to the Mughal Empire.
Where is the Golconda Fort situated?
Which city was the capital of Pallavas?
