Which one of the following kingdoms was founded by the two brothers Harihar and Bukka?
Vijayanagara
Understanding the Founding of the Vijayanagara Kingdom
The question asks us to identify which kingdom was established by the two brothers, Harihar and Bukka. We are given four options:
- Bahmani
- Vijayanagara
- Malwa
- Maratha
Identifying the Founders of the Vijayanagara Kingdom
Historical records confirm that the Vijayanagara Empire, a prominent South Indian kingdom, was founded by two brothers, Harihar I and Bukka Raya I. They established the kingdom in the Deccan region in the 14th century.
The foundation of the Vijayanagara Kingdom is generally placed around 1336 CE. The capital city was named Vijayanagara, meaning "City of Victory", which later became the name of the empire itself. The kingdom emerged during a period when the Delhi Sultanate's control over the southern parts of India was weakening.
Why Vijayanagara is the Correct Kingdom
Based on historical evidence, the credit for founding the Vijayanagara Kingdom goes to the brothers Harihar and Bukka. They laid the foundation for what would become a major power in South India for over three hundred years.
Examining Other Kingdom Options
- Bahmani Kingdom: This kingdom was also a major power in the Deccan and a contemporary rival of Vijayanagara. However, it was founded by Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah (Hasan Gangu) in 1347 CE, a different founder and slightly later period than Vijayanagara.
- Malwa Kingdom: The Sultanate of Malwa was established in Central India in the early 15th century. Its founders were distinct from Harihar and Bukka.
- Maratha Kingdom: The Maratha Empire rose to prominence much later, in the 17th century, under the leadership of Shivaji Maharaj. This kingdom's origin is completely separate from the founders mentioned in the question.
| Kingdom | Key Founder(s) | Approximate Founding Year |
|---|---|---|
| Bahmani | Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah | 1347 CE |
| Vijayanagara | Harihar I and Bukka Raya I | 1336 CE |
| Malwa | Dilawar Khan Ghuri (independent ruler) | Early 15th Century CE |
| Maratha | Shivaji Maharaj | Mid-17th Century CE |
Thus, the kingdom that was founded by the two brothers Harihar and Bukka is the Vijayanagara Kingdom.
Revision Table: Key Facts on Vijayanagara
| Detail | Description |
|---|---|
| Founding Brothers | Harihar I and Bukka Raya I |
| Year Founded | 1336 CE |
| Region | Southern Deccan, South India |
| Capital | Vijayanagara (modern-day Hampi) |
| Significance | Prominent empire, cultural centre, resisted northern invasions |
Additional Information: The Rise of Vijayanagara
The founding of the Vijayanagara Kingdom by Harihar and Bukka marked a significant turning point in the history of South India. Their establishment of an independent Hindu kingdom helped to consolidate power in the region and provided a bulwark against the expanding influence of the Delhi Sultanate and later the Bahmani Sultanate.
The empire grew rapidly and became known for its wealth, extensive trade networks, and impressive architectural and artistic achievements, particularly around its capital city, Vijayanagara (now the ruins at Hampi, a UNESCO World Heritage site). The rulers of Vijayanagara, such as Krishnadevaraya, were patrons of art, literature, and architecture, leading to a flourishing cultural period.
Understanding the context of the 14th century, with the decline of established powers and the rise of new regional kingdoms like Vijayanagara and Bahmani, is essential for comprehending the complex political dynamics of medieval India.
Similar Questions
Which of the following statements about Vijayanagara king Krishnadevaraya's expeditions are correct?
1. In the early years of his reign he marched against the ruler of Orissa.
2. In 1520 CE, he captured the fort of Raichur from Ismail Adil Khan.
3. Krishnadevaraya restored Sultan Mahmud Shah to power and assumed the title of Yavana-rajya-sthapan-acharya.
Select the answer using the code given below:
Consider the following statements about the Mahanavami Dibba:
1. It was the name of a giant box of sweets distributed at the Mahanavami festival.
2. It was the name of a massive platform with a base covered with relief carvings.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Who among the following laid the foundation of the Vijayanagara Empire?
Consider the following statements regarding the royal center in Vijayanagara Empire:
1. The royal center was located in the south-western part of the settlement
2. It included over 60 temples
3. About 30 building complexes at the site have been identified as palaces
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Important Questions from Southern Dynasties
According to Portuguese writer Nuniz, the women in Vijayanagara Empire were expert in which of the following areas?
1. Wrestling
2. Astrology
3. Accounting
4. Soothsaying
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Which emperor of Vijayanagara Empire earned the title of 'Kannada kingdom Rama Ramana'?
Which of the following statement is correct?
I. Hampi was the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire.
II. In 1687, the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb annexed Golconda to the Mughal Empire.
Where is the Golconda Fort situated?
Which city was the capital of Pallavas?
