Who among the following criticised the Moderates for their “politics of prayer”? I. Bepin Chandra Pal II. Bal Gangadhar Tilak III. Lala Lajpat Rai
I, II and III
Within the Indian National Congress a clear split emerged between the Moderates and the Extremists over the right method of opposing British rule.
The Moderates, led by figures such as Dadabhai Naoroji and Gopal Krishna Gokhale, believed in constitutional agitation through petitions, prayers, resolutions and appeals to the British sense of justice, an approach mockingly described as the 'politics of prayer' or 'political mendicancy'.
This soft approach was sharply criticised by the assertive nationalist or Extremist leaders, who demanded more direct methods including swadeshi, boycott and self-reliance.
The three leaders named, Bepin Chandra Pal (I), Bal Gangadhar Tilak (II) and Lala Lajpat Rai (III), formed the famous trio popularly called Lal-Bal-Pal, the core of the Extremist wing.
All three openly attacked the Moderates for relying on prayers and appeals, arguing that such petitions had yielded little real political gain.
Since each of the three statements names a genuine critic of the Moderates' method, every one of them is correct.
Therefore the answer is I, II and III.
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