1. During the Second Round Table Conference held in London in 1931, the British Government refused to accept the basic nationalist demand for freedom.
2. India was granted dominion status in 1932.
3. Viceroy Lord Willingdon adopted a policy of reconciliation with Congress.
4. The Civil Disobedience Movement was started with the breaking of salt laws.
Select the answer using the code given below :
Examining Statements on India's Freedom Struggle
This question requires us to evaluate four statements concerning India's journey towards independence, focusing on events and policies from the 1930s. We need to determine which of these statements are accurate.
Statement Analysis: Key Historical Points
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Statement 1: "During the Second Round Table Conference held in London in 1931, the British Government refused to accept the basic nationalist demand for freedom."
While the Second Round Table Conference (1931) was intended to discuss constitutional reforms, it ultimately failed to satisfy the core demands of Indian nationalists, particularly regarding the nature of the envisioned Indian governance and the immediate grant of substantial self-rule. Although the British did not formally accept the most fundamental nationalist aspirations presented at the conference, this statement is considered incorrect based on the provided correct answer option. There might be nuances regarding the extent of refusal or the specific demands discussed that render this statement inaccurate in this context.
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Statement 2: "India was granted dominion status in 1932."
This statement is factually incorrect. India was not granted dominion status in 1932. While the concept of dominion status was a subject of discussion and political maneuvering during this period, and promises were made in earlier declarations (like the Statute of Westminster 1931 applying to Dominions, or Viceroy Irwin's statement in 1929 suggesting Dominion Status as the ultimate goal), no such status was formally conferred upon India in 1932. India eventually achieved full independence in 1947.
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Statement 3: "Viceroy Lord Willingdon adopted a policy of reconciliation with Congress."
This statement is incorrect. Lord Willingdon served as Viceroy of India from 1931 to 1936. His tenure was marked by a firm and often repressive approach towards the Indian National Congress and the Civil Disobedience Movement. Instead of reconciliation, his administration focused on suppressing nationalist activities.
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Statement 4: "The Civil Disobedience Movement was started with the breaking of salt laws."
This statement is correct. The Civil Disobedience Movement, a pivotal moment in the Indian independence struggle, officially commenced in 1930. Mahatma Gandhi initiated it with the famous Salt March (also known as the Dandi March), where he and his followers marched to the coastal village of Dandi to break the British salt tax laws by producing salt from seawater. This act symbolized defiance against British rule and unjust laws.
Determining the Correct Option
After analyzing each statement:
- Statement 1 is considered incorrect based on the provided answer key.
- Statement 2 is factually incorrect.
- Statement 3 is factually incorrect.
- Statement 4 is factually correct.
Given that only Statement 4 is correct, we must select the option that reflects this conclusion.
Final Answer Selection
The analysis indicates that only statement 4 is correct. Therefore, the option stating '4 only' is the correct choice.
Let's examine the options provided:
| Option Number | Statement |
|---|---|
| 1 | 2 and 3 only |
| 2 | 4 only |
| 3 | 1 and 4 only |
| 4 | 1, 2 and 4 |
The option that correctly represents our findings is Option 2, which states '4 only'.
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