Which circumstance directly triggered Gandhi’s decision to launch the Rowlatt Satyagraha in 1919?
The enactment of laws enabling detention without trial despite resistance.
The Rowlatt Act (Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act) of 1919 empowered the government to imprison any person suspected of terrorist or seditious activity without trial and to detain them without any judicial review.
The Act was passed despite the unanimous opposition of the Indian members of the Imperial Legislative Council, earning it the nickname “no dalil, no vakil, no appeal” (no argument, no lawyer, no appeal).
This draconian law was the direct provocation that led Gandhi to launch the Rowlatt Satyagraha, calling for a nationwide hartal in protest.
Hence, the trigger was the enactment of laws enabling detention without trial despite resistance.
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