Which branch of geology focuses on the study of fossils and ancient life forms?
Palaeontology
Palaeontology is correct.
Palaeontology (from the Greek palaios, ancient, and ontos, being) is the branch of geology and biology that studies fossils, the preserved remains, impressions and traces of plants and animals, to reconstruct ancient life forms, their evolution and past environments.
Petrology studies rocks: their origin, composition and classification into igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic types.
Mineralogy studies minerals: their chemical composition, crystal structure and physical properties.
Geochronology is the science of dating rocks and geological events, for example by radiometric dating. It may date a fossil-bearing layer but does not study the life forms themselves. Only palaeontology deals with fossils and ancient life.
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