Directions: Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space with four words or group of words given. Select whichever word or group of words you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the answer sheet accordingly. Objectives, ideology, programmes, leadership, and organisation are important _______ (1) of social movements. They are interdependent, _______ (2) each other. The objectives of the movement change from ________ (3) articular local issues to broad aims ________ (4) social transformation. Sometimes a movement which begins with broad objectives may in the process get ________ (5) with one or two particular issues. Ideology also _______ (6) change. It provides direction for evolving strategies and programmes; and also keeps the participants together by developing feelings of ‘we-ness’. Various strategies and programmes are evolved to _______ (7) the people. They _______ (8) the movement for a long period. Leadership ________ (9) initiates or emerges in the course of the growth of the movement plays a crucial role in _______ (10) ideology and objectives, evolving strategies and programmes and maintaining the spirit of the participant.
What would come in place of (3).
narrow
Understanding Social Movement Objectives: Filling the Blank
This question asks us to choose the most appropriate word to fill the blank in a sentence describing how the objectives of social movements can evolve.
The sentence is: "The objectives of the movement change from ________ (3) articular local issues to broad aims ________ (4) social transformation."
We need to find the word that best describes the nature of "particular local issues" in contrast to the "broad aims" of "social transformation".
Analyzing the Context and Options
The sentence sets up a contrast or transition: objectives change from one type of issue (particular local) to another (broad aims for social transformation). Let's look at the options for blank (3):
- wide
- scanty
- narrow
- confine
Consider the phrase "particular local issues". Local issues are typically specific to a certain area or community. They deal with problems on a smaller scale compared to large-scale "social transformation". The word that usually describes something specific, limited in scope, or focusing on a small area is "narrow".
- wide: This is the opposite of "narrow". "Wide" issues would be large-scale or general, which doesn't fit "particular local issues".
- scanty: This means limited in amount, size, or extent; meager. While local issues might sometimes be limited in scope, "scanty" refers more to quantity or sufficiency rather than the nature or focus of the issue itself.
- narrow: This means limited in area, extent, or scope. This fits well with "particular local issues," as they are specific and limited in their focus compared to the broad scope of social transformation.
- confine: This is a verb meaning to restrict someone or something within limits. Grammatically, a verb doesn't fit here as we need an adjective to describe "articular local issues".
Identifying the Best Fit
Comparing "particular local issues" with "broad aims," the terms suggest a shift from a limited scope to a wider scope. Therefore, "narrow" is the word that best describes the starting point, "particular local issues," which contrasts with the "broad aims" of social transformation.
The complete phrase for this part would be "from narrow particular local issues".
Conclusion
Based on the context and the meaning of the options, the word that best fits in blank (3) is "narrow". It accurately describes the limited scope of particular local issues when contrasted with the broad aims of social transformation that a social movement might eventually pursue.
| Option | Meaning | Fit with "particular local issues" |
|---|---|---|
| wide | Large in extent, scope | Does not fit; local issues are typically not wide. |
| scanty | Insufficient, meager | Does not fit the nature/scope of the issue. |
| narrow | Limited in extent, scope | Fits well; describes the specific, limited scope of local issues. |
| confine | Restrict (verb) | Does not fit grammatically. |
Revision Table: Key Concepts in Social Movements
| Element | Role in Movement |
|---|---|
| Objectives | The goals or aims the movement seeks to achieve. Can evolve from specific local issues to broad societal change. |
| Ideology | The set of beliefs and values that guide the movement, provide direction, and foster unity. |
| Programmes/Strategies | The planned activities and methods used to pursue objectives and mobilize support. |
| Leadership | Individuals or groups that guide the movement, formulate strategies, and maintain participant morale. |
| Organisation | The structure and coordination mechanism of the movement. |
Additional Information: Evolution of Social Movement Objectives
The passage highlights that the objectives of social movements are not static. They can change over time. This evolution is a common characteristic of many social movements:
- Starting Small: Movements often begin by addressing specific, concrete, or local grievances that directly affect a particular group or community. These objectives are often "narrow" in scope.
- Expanding Scope: As the movement grows, gains support, and develops its understanding of the root causes of the issues, its objectives may broaden. Local issues can be linked to larger systemic problems.
- Aiming for Transformation: Ultimately, many social movements aim for significant societal change, which involves "broad aims" like social transformation, challenging existing power structures, or changing laws and norms on a national or even global level.
- Refocusing: Sometimes, a movement with very broad initial goals might find it more effective to concentrate its efforts on one or a few particular issues, making its immediate objectives more focused.
Understanding how objectives evolve helps us understand the dynamics and life cycle of social movements.
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