Propane-1,2,3-triol
IUPAC Naming of Glycerol
Glycerol is a simple organic molecule with the chemical formula C3H8O3. Its structure is CH₂(OH)CH(OH)CH₂(OH).
To determine the IUPAC name, we follow standard nomenclature rules:
- Identify the Parent Chain: The longest continuous carbon chain contains 3 carbons. The parent alkane name is propane.
- Identify Functional Groups: There are three hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached to the carbon chain. These indicate the molecule is an alcohol. The suffix for three alcohol groups is '-triol'.
- Number the Chain: Number the carbon chain from either end to give the hydroxyl groups the lowest possible locant numbers. In this case, the positions are 1, 2, and 3 regardless of the direction.
- Combine Name and Locants: Combine the parent name (propane), the locants (1,2,3), and the suffix (-triol).
Therefore, the IUPAC name is Propane-1,2,3-triol.
Comparing with Options
- Ethane-1,2-diol has 2 carbons and 2 -OH groups.
- Propan-1-ol has 3 carbons and 1 -OH group.
- 2-Methylpropan-1-ol has a branched 3-carbon chain with an -OH group.
- Propane-1,2,3-triol correctly identifies the 3-carbon chain and the three hydroxyl groups at positions 1, 2, and 3.
The correct IUPAC name for glycerol is Propane-1,2,3-triol.
Similar Questions
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Important Questions from Organic Chemistry
Which of the hydrocarbons are arranged as per the increasing order of their boiling points?
Which one of the following statements is NOT correct?
Which among the following statements with respect to carbon is/are correct?
1. Carbon forms the basis for all living organisms and many things we use
2. Carbon shows tetra-valency and the property of catenation
3. Carbon forms covalent bonds with itself and other elements
4. Carbon forms compounds containing triple and tetra bonds between carbon atoms
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Which one of the following statements about diamond and graphite is not correct?
Which one of the following cell organelles does NOT possess nucleic acid?
