In which of the following processes is zinc oxide formed, which acts as a protective layer and prevents rusting?
Galvanisation
Galvanisation is the process of coating iron or steel with a thin layer of zinc to prevent rusting.
The zinc layer reacts with atmospheric oxygen to form a dense, adherent film of zinc oxide (and zinc carbonate), which blocks moisture and oxygen from reaching the underlying iron, so corrosion stops.
Tin-plating uses tin, chromium plating uses chromium and alloying mixes metals — none of these form a zinc oxide protective layer.
Hence, Galvanisation.
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