Under which of the following circumstances the Parliament of India can legislate on the matters listed in the State List?
If there is a need to implement an international treaty
Normally, matters in the State List (List II of the Seventh Schedule) are legislated upon by State Legislatures. The Constitution, however, allows Parliament to make laws on State List subjects in certain special situations.
Article 253 empowers Parliament to make any law for the whole or any part of India for implementing any treaty, agreement or convention with other countries, or any decision taken at an international conference or body, even if the subject falls in the State List.
Other such situations are a Rajya Sabha resolution in the national interest (Article 249), a National Emergency (Article 250), a request by two or more states (Article 252) and President's Rule in a state (Article 356).
Regulating local government elections is a state matter handled through State Election Commissions (Article 243K/243ZA); state-level taxes in the State List are levied by the states themselves; and state ministers are appointed by the Governor on the advice of the Chief Minister (Article 164). None of these lets Parliament legislate on the State List.
Hence, the answer is If there is a need to implement an international treaty.
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