Tyler's Curriculum Model: Key Sources for Objectives

Ralph Tyler's model of curriculum evaluation, often referred to as "Tyler's Rationale," provides a systematic framework for curriculum development and assessment. A fundamental aspect of this model is the careful identification and formulation of curriculum objectives. Tyler emphasized that these objectives should not be arbitrary but should stem from a thorough analysis of specific sources.

Identifying Tyler's Three Core Objective Sources

According to Tyler's influential work, curriculum objectives are primarily derived from three crucial areas. Analyzing these sources helps ensure that the curriculum is relevant, meaningful, and effective for learners and society.

• The Student: This source focuses on understanding the learners themselves. Key considerations include:

  • What are the students' interests and concerns?
  • What are their prior experiences and existing knowledge?
  • What are their developmental levels and learning capacities?
  • What are their needs and aspirations?

  By considering the student, Tyler aimed to create a curriculum that resonates with learners, meets their individual needs, and facilitates meaningful learning.

• The Society: This source involves examining the context in which the curriculum operates. Tyler believed that education should contribute positively to society. This involves understanding:

  • The values, norms, and expectations of the society.
  • The social, economic, and political issues relevant to the community.
  • The skills and knowledge needed for effective citizenship and participation in society.

  Considering the societal context helps ensure that the curriculum prepares students to be responsible and contributing members of their community and the wider world.

• The Subject Matter: This source pertains to the academic disciplines and content areas themselves. Tyler highlighted the importance of:

  • Identifying the fundamental concepts, principles, and theories within each subject.
  • Understanding the structure and logic of the discipline.
  • Determining the essential skills and modes of thinking associated with the subject.

  Focusing on subject matter ensures that the curriculum is academically sound, intellectually rigorous, and provides students with a deep understanding of the knowledge base.

By synthesizing insights from these three distinct sources—the student, the society, and the subject matter—educators can formulate clear, meaningful, and relevant curriculum objectives that guide the entire educational process, from planning and instruction to evaluation.