\(^{35}_{17}C\) and \(^{37}_{17}C\)
Isotopes are atoms of the same chemical element that have the same number of protons in their nucleus but differ in the number of neutrons. Because they have the same number of protons, isotopes of an element always have the same atomic number (Z). The difference in the number of neutrons results in different mass numbers (A), which is the sum of protons and neutrons.
The question asks to identify the two isotopes of elemental chlorine. The atomic number for chlorine is 17. This means any isotope of chlorine must have 17 protons, and therefore, the subscript (Z) in its notation must be 17. The superscript represents the mass number (A).
Let's examine the given options:
Note: The standard chemical symbol for chlorine is 'Cl', not 'C' as used in the options. However, the atomic number (17) consistently identifies the element as chlorine.
Based on the definition of isotopes (same atomic number Z, different mass number A), the pair that fits this criterion for chlorine (Z=17) is \(^{35}_{17}C\) and \(^{37}_{17}C\).
Explanation:
Both atoms have 17 protons, confirming they are the same element (chlorine), and they have different numbers of neutrons (18 and 20), resulting in different mass numbers (35 and 37). Therefore, they are isotopes.
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