The positive model is applied to planned change through an approach is called appreciative inquiry (AI). Which of the following is not the cyclical step of AI ?
Dedication
Dedication is not a step of appreciative inquiry — option 4. The fourth D is Destiny.
What appreciative inquiry is. Developed by David Cooperrider and Suresh Srivastva at Case Western Reserve University in the 1980s, AI is the leading example of the positive model of planned change. Conventional organisation development is a deficit model: find the problem, diagnose the cause, fix it. AI inverts that. It asks what the organisation looks like when it is working at its best, and then seeks to extend those conditions — on the premise that organisations move in the direction of what they persistently ask questions about.
The 4-D cycle.
| Step | Question it asks | What happens |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Discovery | “What gives life ?” | Appreciating the best of what is — interviews and stories about peak experiences and successes |
| 2. Dream | “What might be ?” | Envisioning what the organisation could become if the best were the norm |
| 3. Design | “What should be ?” | Co-constructing the structures, processes and relationships that would realise the dream |
| 4. Destiny | “What will be ?” | Sustaining — empowering people to act, learn and improvise towards it; sometimes called Deliver |
Some formulations put a fifth D, Define, at the front, for choosing the affirmative topic.
Why option 4 is the trap. All four options begin with D, and “dedication” sounds like the kind of word such a model would use. The safeguard is to recall the function of the last step — making the change durable — and the word attached to it.
Where AI fits. It sits alongside Kurt Lewin’s three-step model of unfreeze, change and refreeze, and Kotter’s eight steps, as one of the standard approaches to planned organisational change; its distinctive contribution is the shift from problem-solving to strength-building, and the high degree of participation it requires.
Hence, the answer is Dedication.
Similar Questions
When the supervisor keeps a log of positive and negative examples of a subordinate’s work-related behaviour, it refers to which one of the following methods of performance appraisal ?
Arrange the basic process of HR strategy in correct orders :
A. Identify people issues
B. Communicate HR strategy
C. Identify strategic Business issues
D. Scan External Environment
E. Develop HR strategy
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
What replaced annual reviews in the company, as announced by the Chairman ?
Critics argue that conventional performance evaluations :
Why have annual reviews become redundant in organizations today ?
Which of the following statements are correct as per paragraph ?
A. Companies like Adobe, Deloitte, GE, Microsoft and PwC have shifted to informal assessments.
B. Annual reviews are now seen as promoting collaboration and innovation.
C. Continuous feedback improves satisfaction, coaching and corporate alignment.
D. Annual evaluations originated from executive compensation reforms.
E. Current organizations emphasize agility, collaboration and personnel development through continuous dialogue.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Match List - I with List - II.
List - I
(Concept)List - II
(Description)A. Origin of performance appraisals I. Compulsory ranking at GE B. Bureaucratic evolution II. Military’s merit rating system C. Factors influencing appraisal changes III. Expensive and unpopular processes D. Current organizational focus IV. Agility, collaboration and continuous dialogue Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
“Formulating and executing human resource policies and practices that produce the employee competencies and behaviours the company needs to achieve its strategic aims” is called?
In Flow Model, associated with forecasting personnel needs, the forecaster will-
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Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Following steps are undertaken for developing a workforce score card.
(a) Identify critical and carefully defined outcome measures.
(b) Translate the measures into specific actions and outcomes.
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(d) Develop and communicate detailed description of what is expected.
(e) Develop supporting HRM and measurement systems.
What is the correct chronological order of these steps ?
Important Questions from Concept, role and functions of HRM
Arrange the following management functions in a logical sequence of getting things done.
A. Planning
B. Staffing
C. Organizing
D. Coordinating
E. Controlling
F. Directing
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Male staff should take which of the following precautions?
Match List - I with List - II:
List - I (Concept) List - II (Description) A. Personnel management I. Focuses on profit maximization by contribution of the people B. Human Resource management II. Managing employee, employer relations amicably C. Industrial relation III. Managing Human resource challenges of international operations D. International HRM IV. Developing attitude of the people for their better contribution Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Which one of the followings are not the Objectives of HRM ?
- Which of the following is not true in case of HRM ?
